The antioxidant effect of saponarin, which is the main flavone isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma Wend., and its protection against cocaine hepatotoxicity were investigated in male Wistar rats. The animals were treated with cocaine (40 mg/kg i.p.) alone and also after 3 consecutive days of pretreatment with saponarin (80 mg/kg p.o.). After 18 hours the rats were sacrificed by decapitation. The production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activity of the following antioxidant enzymes: catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione-S-transferase were assessed in liver homogenate. Administered alone, cocaine induced significant hepatotoxicity manifested with GSH depletion and reduced antioxidant defences. Saponarin pretreatment, however, decreased cocaine toxicity both by increasing GSH levels and antioxidant enzyme activities. The results of this study proved the antioxidant activity of saponarin and its protective effect against cocaine-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity.
Background:Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. (Caryophyllaceae) is a medicinal plant which is protected in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. Previous studies have showed the presence of triterpene saponins, sterols, flavonoids, triterpens, etc.Objective:Gypsogenic acid, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma roots, was evaluated for cytotoxic activity.Materials and Methods:The structure of the compound was elucidated by spectral methods. The cell survival fraction was determined by the MTT dye reduction assay, performed with some modifications.Results:Gypsogenic acid was tested in a panel of human tumor cell lines and was found to inhibit the proliferation of malignant cells. It was active against leukemic cells with lymphoid (SKW-3 and BV-173) or myeloid phenotype (HL-60, K-562, and LAMA-84), as well as against the EJ bladder carcinoma cell line. Bcr-Abl expressing myeloid cells (LAMA-84 and especially K-562) displayed lower sensitivity. HL-60/Dox cells were less sensitive to gypsogenic acid than the parent cell line, which shows that gypsogenic acid is probably a substrate of MRP-1.
The focus of the presented study is the in vitro anti-oxidant activity and anti-diabetic potential of water extracts from the following four herbal substances, not traditionally used for treatment of diabetes mellitus – leaves of Sambucus ebulus L. and Prunus mahaleb L., and flowering stems of Cichorium intybus L. and Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff. The water extracts are obtained through ultrasonication. The extract of S. kitaibelii stands out due to its highest values in all studied indicators – total phenolic content, scavenging potential (DPPH, ABTS) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity which was six times higher than acarbose. The extract of C. intybus also showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared to acarbose. The flowering stems of both species are promising sources of biologically active substances for blood sugar control in diabetes mellitus.
A new sulfated triterpeniod saponin, 3-O-sulfooleanolic acid 28-O-[β-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-[β-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-glucopyranosyl ester (1), along with three known Δ 7-sterols: stigmast-7-en-3β-ol (2), stigmast-7-en-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and stigmast-7-en-3-on (4) were isolated from the roots of Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. (Caryophyllaceae). Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral methods. Compound 1 caused concentrationdependent inhibition of malignant cell proliferation against different human tumor cell lines.
През последното десетилетие класическата химиотерапия отстъпва място на нови фармакологични подходи, насочени към патологично изменените сигнално-трансдукционни пътища. Канабисът е една от множеството древни билки изпозлвани от американските индианци от хилядолетия насам. В наши дни научните данни за ползотворните му ефекти при широк спектър от заболявания непрекъснато нарастват. Има много експериментални данни, както и екпериментални модели и при хора изследващи, повлияваните от биологично активните вещества в него, сигнални каскади. В този обзор са описани редица изследвания и клинични проучвания, които показват значителния напредък постигнат последните години при изпозлването на канабиноидите за борба с онкологичните заболявания. Няколко проучвания in vivo и in vitro доказват добрата поносимост и безопасност на канабидиола при хора и животни. Положителния ефект на субстанцията при различни състояния, възпалителни и онкологични трябва да бъде отчетен, но за да навлезе по-пълно в медицинската практика са необходими още много задълбочени проучвания.
Email address: M_jotova@mu-pleven Abstract: Caffeine, Taurine and Arginine are one of the most widely used supplements from people of all ages. There are lot of controversial information about their proper use and effects and side effects. Our goal is to determine the reasonable boundaries of using these supplements in healthy people and more important in people with socially important diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes and dementia.
Куркумата (Curcuma longa L., сем. Zingiberaceae) е подправка, която е широко използвана в индийската медицина. В спектъра на заболяванията, при които намира приложение, влизат жлъчни и чернодробни заболявания, безапетитие, синузит, ревматизъм, навяхвания и рани. Основното биологично активно вещество в корена от куркума е куркуминът, съпътствано от други близкородствени съединения. За терапевтичния потенциал на куркумина има редица данни от експериментални изследвания, както и клинични данни. Многобройни проучвания показват, че той има значителна противотуморна и в частност противомиеломна активност и откриват перспектива за бъдещото му приложение като лекарствен продукт. Лабилността му при орално приложение, както и потенциалните лекарствени взаимодействия с различни медикаменти, ограничават неговото свободно приложение под формата на капсулни и таблетни форми, но приемът му като подправка е показал само и единствено ползи за употребяващите го.
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