The purpose of the present paper is to make a review of the applications for 3D-printing in contemporary prosthetic treatment as this modern technology has become widely spread not only in the industry but in medicine and dentistry, too. It is a form of additive manufacturing technology where a three-dimensional object is created by laying down successive layers of material.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to observe, compare and evaluate the effect of two α-adrenomimetic decongestants which are clinically approved nasal and eye drops-0.05% xylometazoline hydrochloride and 0.05% tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride, when applied as chemical agents for chemo-mechanical retraction of free gingiva prior to impression making in fixed prosthodontics. Materials and methods: The study includes 90 prepared abutment teeth indicated for fixed prosthodontic treatment. α-adrenomimetic decongestants in the composition of 2 approved for clinical usage nasal and eye drops commercial products were applied as chemical agents for gingival retraction-Xylometazoline (0.05% xylometazoline hydrochloride) and Visine (0.05% tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride). Ultrapak retraction cord of four different sizes impregnated with the investigated chemical agents was used. Two steps twolayered impressions with polyvinyl and polydimethylsiloxane were taken from the prosthetic fields. Impression sections were fabricated and studied under microscope. Results: The low viscosity polyvinyl and polydimethyl siloxane layers tend to penetrate deeper in the gingival groove after chemo-mechanical retraction with Xylometazoline compared to the second group impressions fabricated after Visine retraction. Conclusion: The conducted testing demonstrated that effective retraction of the free marginal gingiva is possible to obtain with α-adernomimetic decongestants. 0.05% xylometazoline hydrochloride (Xylometazoline) provides better results in comparison to the eye decongestant drops 0.05% tеtrahydrozoline hydrochloride (Visine).
Проблемите, свързани със зъбното ерозивно износване са много и разнообразни. Необратимият характер на това заболяване и зачестяването му в съвременния свят правят неговото проучване значимо и актуално. В българската научна литература липсват съвременни данни относно епидемиологията и етиологията на зъбната ерозия. Споменатите факти станаха основание за провеждане на нашето проучване. Обект на изследването са случайно подбрани 332 пациенти на територията на град Варна, на които е извършен обстоен дентален преглед и на които е дадена подробна анкетна карта, засягаща проблема зъбна ерозия. Резултатите от клиничното проучване посочват, че 46% от прегледаните имат минимум един ерозивен дефект. Най-често засегнати са пациентите от женски пол, а водещият етиологичен фактор е не един, а е комбинация от действието на ендогенни киселини и екзогенни такива, дължащи се на хранително-питейна консумация.
AIM: The aim of the paper is to introduce an algorithm for chemo-mechanical retraction with α-adrenomimetic decongestants as impregnating agents for adequate and safe gingival retraction-a prerequisite for production of precise fixed partial dentures (FPD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical algorithm is based upon the results obtained from our previous researches and data gathered from the literature sources for effectiveness of α-adrenergic sympathicomimetic decongestants-0.05% xylometazoline HCl, 0.05% tetrahydrozoline HCl and 10% phenylephrine HCl, as alternative retraction agents. Results: It is established that following the sequence of the suggested algorithm for the clinical use of α-adrenomimetic decongestants provides sufficient degree of reversible horizontal and vertical gingival retraction without causing harmful effects to the periodontal tissue complex. The effect of conventional and alternative impregnating agents is compared, and the latter exhibits significantly better results both in penetration of the impression material and in terms of bio-tolerance towards the oral tissues. The working algorithm is presented with 0.05% xylometazoline HCl, but it is universal for the whole chemical group of the researched compounds. It can be introduced in the routine dental practice with any α-adrenomimetic decongestant with no risk of adverse effects or mistakes. CONCLUSION: The systematic algorithm favors the implementation of α-adrenomimetic retraction agents in the clinical practice and helps to make the methodology popular among dental specialists.The application of α-adrenomimetic decongestants is systemized within seven easy to follow procedures in order to obtain adequate gingival retraction-a mandatory condition in the fabrication of FPD.
and Oral pathology 2 Department of prosthetic dentistry РЕЗЮМЕ В последните години АФДТ навлиза като безопасна и ефективна алтернатива на конвенционални антибиотици и дезинфектанти за топикалното лечение на инфекциозни заболявания. Устната кухина предлага отлични условия за използването на тази методика, тъй като позволява локално прилагане на фотосенсибилизатор и директно доставяне на подходяща светлина до обагрените клетки. Образуваният при това взаимодействие силно активен синглетен кислород in cito упражнява деструктивното си въздействие върху бактериални клетки, протозоа и вируси. Ефектът е мигновен, с липса на въздействие върху отдалечени органи и системи. Въвеждането на LED източници вместо лазерни превръща метода в общодостъпен за денталните практики и налага познаването на клиничните протоколи за приложение при лечение на дентинната рана при дълбок кариес, пародонтит и гингивит, инфекция на ендодонта.
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