No abstract

Summary Based on their biological, analgesic and antibacterial effect, lasers are becoming more widely used in clinical practice in the recent years. In order to obtain a therapeutic effect and to prevent dental pulp alteration in the treatment of hard tooth tissue, the parameters of laser radiation should be precisely controlled. Upon irradiation of dental pulp, these effects are dependent on the permeability of light through the enamel and dentin. The purpose of our study was to examine the penetration of light through dentin, according to the wavelength.The absorption of light was also studied. For the aim of our investigation 30 dentin samples with thickness 1 mm of extracted human teeth (premolars and molars) were prepared. The absorption and transmission of light in the range 350-1000 nm in its passage through the samples were studied using a spectrophotometer Ocean Optics QE65000. The obtained results showed that the light absorption of dentin in spectral range 350-600 nm depends on the wavelength. When light sources, emitting in the wavelength range above 600 nm were used, the dependence was low. These features should be taken into account in the choice of irradiation wavelength and a light source.

In ves ti ga tions in the area of la ser ap pli ca tion in den tal prac tices date back to 1964. Shortly af ter la sers came to be ing, they were in tro duced both in med i cine and in den tal med i cine where they were suc cess fully used for the di ag nos tics and treat ment of a number of diseases. The cur rent lit er a ture re view pres ents the na ture and prop er ties of la sers and la ser beams. Their bi o log i cal and heal ing ac tion is dis cussed. The most com mon la sers that are em ployed in den tal prac tices are in di cated. The ac cent is on high-en ergy la sers used in op er a tive dentistry and peri odon tol ogy, namely the År:Cr:YSGG è Er:YAG la sers, and their emis sion char ac ter is tics. The fo cus in this lit er a ture re view is on la ser ap pli ca tion in periodontal prac tices. The prop er ties and in di ca tions of the most fre quently ap plied la sers are in di cated and their ad van tages are out lined. The lat ter are due to their spe cific bi o log i cal and ther a peu tic ef fects both on healthy and on pathologically altered periodontal tissues.The pa per also com prises clin i cal re ports by re nowned ex perts in peri odon tol ogy about la ser ap pli cation in the treat ment of dif fer ent periodontial diseases. Twenty-seven ar ti cles are cited.

Introduction:The proper cleaning and reshaping of the root canal space is of great importance for the good outcome of the retreatment case. None of the different methods and instruments used for filling material removal during endodontic retreatment exhibit 100% effectiveness. Aim: The aim of the current review article is to observe the contemporary supplementary approaches used in endodontic retreatment. Materials and Methods: Articles within the last 10 years were reviewed in light of the most commonly used supplementary techniques. Conclusion: Supplementary approaches show sophisticated results in filling remnants removal which leads to аbetter outcome of the endodontic retreatment cases.

No abstract

Introduction:Complete root canal filling material removal is essential for the good outcome of the secondary endodontic treatment. Different methods and hand and rotary instruments have been proposed for better filling removal. Aim: The aim of this article is to review the most commonly used approaches for removal of canal filling materials, analysing the scientific data from the last 10 years mainly. Materials and Methods: Articles related to the problem were reviewed with the aim to summarize the techniques mostly used in retreatment protocols and the effectiveness of the NiTi instruments for removing the root canal filling materials. Conclusion: None of the techniques described in the up-to-date scientific literature is considered 100% effective in removing of root filling materials. Supplementary approaches have to be introduced for more efficient cleaning of the root canal walls, ensuring better prognosis of the endodontic retreatment cases in the daily dental practice.

Cleaning and shaping of the root canal system are essential for the successful outcome of endodontic treatment. In addition to the routinely used irrigating solutions, other technologies have been investigated for the treatment of root canal dentine, such as different types of laser systems. Purpose: The aim of our in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different types of laser irradiation (Er:YAG , Nd:YAG, diode laser and photodynamic therapy) on the intracanal dentin and their interference in the apical seal of filled root canals. Methodology: 72 human single rooted teeth were randomly assigned into 6 groups. Root canal preparation was done using ProTaper Universal rotary system up to F3. The laser irradiation was performed at the end of the traditional endodontic preparation as a final means of decontaminating the endodontic system. Teeth were filled with a core-carrier system Guttacore (Dentsply, Sirona) and sealer AH- plus. Results: Statistical analysis showed that all groups had significantly less leakage in apical third than the control group. The laser-treated groups presented better results than Group II (Classical disinfection protocol), without statistically significant difference. The morphological changes on the apical intraradicular dentin surface caused by Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation resulted at least linear dye apical leakage. Conclusions: Laser irradiation may improve the apical seal of the root canal. Different type of laser systems with appropriate parameters are recommended to be used as an adjunct to the current chemical root canal disinfection protocols.

No abstract