The article describes the improved design of a mechanical cleaner that improves the efficiency of the sanitization of a milking unit. The developed devices allow adding to the hydraulic effect of the washing solution the mechanical effect of the foam and bristle cleaning base. A description is given of the design and principle of operation of mechanical cleaners designed and manufactured at the Nizhny Novgorod State Engineering and Economic University with foam and scrubbed cleaning the base. The results show that if spiral holes are added to the structure, the rotation frequency of the structure increases by an average of 30%, and its linear speed decreases by 20%, compared with the previous design. The use of these devices can reduce the emission of detergents and disinfectants and thereby increase the environmental friendliness of milk production.
The article describes a strain gauge measuring system designed for measuring the traction resistance of tillage bodies and their combinations. Technical tools measure the traction resistance of the whole machine or one working body which is not an objective and reliable characteristics of combined tillage units. The design and principle of operation of the tensometric measuring system designed and manufactured by Samara State Agrarian University is described. It is used to determine the traction resistance of individual working bodies and their combinations. The results show that the measurement data on traction resistance are in compliance with the calculated values.
The paper proposes a new method for multistage plowing that implies loosening bottom soil and subsoil horizon simultaneously, followed by overturning the bottom soil without cutting, which improves the quality of soil cultivation, softens a plow sole and reduces energy costs. Experimental studies confirmed the theoretical relationship for determining the plowing resistance, both of certain working bodies of a section, and of a whole plow. The method proposed for multistage plowing that implies loosening the subsoil provides a decrease in plowing resistance by 8.3-9.8% compared to the existing double-depth plowing followed by loosening the subsoil.
The article presents the results of full-scale comparative tests of various protective compositions, for which the Movil car preservative, Litol-24 grease, PVC grease, K-17 preservation oil, experimental preservation compound (EKS-1) were used. The objects of conservation are steel plates of grades U8, 65G, 45, 40X, and St3. After the tests, etching, weighing, measuring the surface roughness of the samples were performed, and metal losses were determined. Tests of EKS-1 show protective efficacy comparable to that of greases, and in some cases, it significantly exceeds it. It is proved that the area of corrosion and metal loss during the test of the composition on these materials was not more than 4.7 % and 5.3 g/m2 per year, respectively. The research results show that the use of the protective composition EKS-1, due to its manufacturability, significantly reduces the complexity of work during the conservation of agricultural machinery, as well as ensures the protection of metal products during both short-term and long-term storage.
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