Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid) is a phytochemical constituent from the polyphenols group commonly found in whole grains, spinach, parsley, grapes and rhubarb. It has been widely applied in skin care formulations as photoprotective agent and delayer of cutaneous photoaging processes. This work aims to establish a protocol to the development of cosmetic formulations using thermoanalytical techniques (TG/DTG and DSC) and Pearson's correlation by FTIR data, in order to evaluate the compatibility between ferulic acid and excipients used in skin care formulations. The results obtained from the thermoanalytical techniques indicated compatibility between ferulic acid and the following excipients: passion fruit seed oil, Carbopol Ò Ultrez 30, EDTA, Crodabase CR2 Ò , Crodamol TM GTCC and Dow Corning Ò RM 2051. Nevertheless, the analysis also demonstrated the possibility of some interaction between ferulic acid and the following excipients: glyceryl stearate, Rapithix Ò A-60 and Optiphen Ò . To validate these results, it was demonstrated by Pearson's correlation that passion fruit seed oil, Carbopol Ò Ultrez 30, EDTA, Crodabase CR2 Ò , Crodamol TM GTCC, Dow Corning Ò RM 2051, glyceryl stearate and Rapithix Ò A-60 do not have any incompatibility that may compromise ferulic acid properties. Finally, it was also proved a meaningful incompatibility between ferulic acid and Optiphen Ò using Pearson's correlation. Thus, it is not recommended to use Optiphen Ò in the development of cosmetic formulations to carry ferulic acid.
2-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-hydrazinecarboximidamide (WE010), 2-([1,1 0 -biphenyl]-4-ylmethylene)-hydrazinecarboximidamide (WE014), and 2-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methylene]-hydrazinecarboximidamide (WE017) are guanylhydrazone derivatives widely studied biologically and chemically; however, there are no studies regarding their thermal behaviors. The present study aims to apply the thermal analyses: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential scanning calorimetry coupled to the photovisual system (DSC-photovisual), and thermogravimetry (TG), to characterize the guanylhydrazones, as well as HPLC and FTIR. The DSC curve of WE010 shows a melting process with T onset at 190°C and peak at 193.5°C (DH 41.0 J g -1 ). Due to the symmetry of the melting peaks obtained by DSC, it is possible to calculate the purity of the sample (98.87 %). The DSC curve of WE014 shows the melting process in the range of 208-213°C, with a melting peak at 211°C (DH 61 J g -1 ).The DSC curve of WE017 showed T onset at 215°C and peak temperature of 219°C (DH 55 J g -1 ). The TG curve of WE010, WE014, and WE017 presents initial decomposition temperatures of 186.95, 197.31, and 195.44°C, respectively. The DSC-photovisual confirmed the results of DSC and TG. The HPLC determined the purities of the samples and confirmed the results of DSC. The FTIR confirmed the thermal data. Thus, the use of thermal analysis is an important tool for the characterization of molecules with therapeutic potential contributing to the characterization and evaluation of their stability as well as nonthermal technique with complementary tool.
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