According to Scheu (5), a "pure chemical race" is defined using one oil component, which can be unequivocally considered as the main component. However, another way of defining a chemotype is to observe the whole peak distribution of the chromatogram (6). For example, following crossings between camphor and thujone chemotypes, the thujone types are divided into two different thujone types, thujone A and B (3,4). In this study, 80 per cent of the progeny of the artificial crosses of tansy ( TANACETUM VULGARE L.) appeared to belong to so-called "well-defined chemotypes", in which the concentration of the main component varied between 41-99 per cent. The "well-defined chemotypes" were distributed among eight main groups: sabinene, thujone, umbellulone, camphor, bornyl acetate, alpha-pinene, 1,8-cineole, and germacrene-D. The sesquiterpene germacrene-D was identified for the first time in the present study in the essential oil of tansy. Most of these "well-defined chemotypes" were again divided into subgroups A and B. In addition to the "well-defined chemotypes", a number of "mixed chemotypes" were also detected in the crossings. Those chemotypes accounted for 20 per cent of the whole crossing material.

A new triterpene, 3beta-hydroxy-lanosta-8,24-dien-21-al, was identified from INONOTUS OBLIQUUS. The structure was determined by IR, MS, (1)-NMR and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy and by comparing its (13)C-NMR spectra with the spectra obtained for lanosterol, inotodiol, trametenolic acid and methyl trametenolate.

The essential oil from fruits of HERACLEUM PERSICUM Desf., growing wild in Iran, was investigated by means of LSC, GLC and GC-MS. Co-chromatography of synthesized compounds was also applied for identification of components. The oil contained about 95% of aliphatic esters, 4% of aliphatic alcohols and 1% of monoterpenes; 37 esters and 17 monoterpenes were identified.

Holopainen, M., Hiltunen, R., Lokki. J., Forsén, K. and Schantz, M. Von. 1987. Model for the genetic control of thujone, sabinene and umbellulone in tansy (Tanacetun vulgare L.). —Hereditas 106: 205–208. Lund, Sweden. ISSN 0018–0661. Received August 1, 1986 Seven parental tansy (Tanacerum vulgare L.) plants were crossed by artificial pollination in the experiments in order to develop a schematic model for the genetic control of the thujone skeleton monoterpenes: thujone, sabinene and umbellulone. The progeny, comprising 232 plant individuals, were analyzed by gas chromatography. The essential oil was isolated from the leaves by means of a micro‐extraction technique. The sabinene (SI) x sabinene (SII) crosses mainly produced progeny of the sabinene type (63%). The sabinene (SI) x umbellulone (UI) crosses were mainly of the sabinene type (50%), although the urnbellulone type (27.5%) also occurred. The back crosses and control crosses indicated that the thujone type TI, i.e., the parental plant of the sabinene type SI, differs genetically from the other thujone type (T3). The thujone type T1, which is also able to synthesize sabinene, seemed to transfer unwanted characteristics to the sabinene type S1 (F1 generation). This was also characteristic of the F2 generation. This partially explains the small number of sabinene types appearing in nature. A schematic model for the genetic control of thujoneline biosynthesis earlier developed for tansy by LOKKI et al(1973) was improved by incorporating the results of the study on thujone and sabinene. In addition, the pathway of umhellulone biosynthesis was added to the genetic model.

Eight parental plants of tansy, Chrysanthemum vulgare, belonging to the camphor or thujone chemotypes, were crossed in 31 hybridizations. The progeny, containing 513 plant individuals, were analyzed by gas chromatography, which reveals at least three chemotypes among the offspring: camphor, thujone and sabinene. A schematic model for genetic control in the determination of the different chemotypes was worked out on the basis of this material. According to the model, at least seven of the loci controlling the biosynthesis of camphor and thujone must be assumed to be polymorphic.

Qualitative and quantitative variation of some terpene compounds in pine needles was determined using static headspace gas chromatography (HSGC) in order to obtain information about the inheritance and gene control of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) terpenes. Needles of more than 600 trees or seedlings belonging to a control-pollinated and its open-pollinated progeny were analysed. The terpenes were identified by headspace gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric techniques. The terpene patterns obtained by HSGC for the needle volatile fraction and by GC for the hydrodistilled needle volatile oil did not differ much. The hybrids obtained in the control-pollinated crosses were either the high or low 3-carene chemotype. Their open-pollinated seedlings were also of these two chemotypes. The quantitative variation in the terpene concentrations permitted construction of a frequency distribution diagram for each terpene compound. The evidence from the bimodal distribution indicates that the relative amounts of monoterpenes 0-pinene, sabinene, 3-careneI myrcene and terpinolene in Pinus sylvestris L. are simply inherited, i.e. controlled by a single gene with major gene effects. The rest of the monoterpenes and all the sesquiterpenes were normally distributed and their inheritance thus seems to be of a polygenic nature.

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Nach drei verschiedenen offizinellen Verfahren wurden die aromatischen Wiisser Aqua Floris Aurantii, Aqua Menthae piperitae, Aqua Foeniculi, Aqua Aniisi und Aqua Rosae hergestellt. Die Verteilung des Oles zwischen Wasser und Rezeptur-Hilfsmitteln, wie Filter und Talk, konnte gravimetrisch fiir die gesamten ole und gaschromatographisch fiir die einzelnen Substanzen der ole quantitativ ermittelt werden. Die Veranderungen in der Zusammensetzung des Oles im aromatischen Wasser wurden wiihrend einjtihriger Lagerungszeit verfolgt.