No abstract

Percutaneous vertebroplasty has been performed for more than ten years to treat painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Clinical results have been encouraging, but little is known about the efficacy and safety of this minimally invasive procedure. We therefore performed a systematic review to assess the efficacy and safety of percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. A search was conducted using Medline, Embase and The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. The search yielded fifteen studies, eleven prospective, three retrospective and one controlled trial. Totally 1,136 interventions were performed on 793 patients. Mean pain scores, measured using a 0 to 10 VAS score, improved significantly from 7.8 to 3.1 (-60.3%) immediately after percutaneous vertebroplasty. The short-term complication rate varied between 0.4 and 75.6%. Leakage of cement outside the vertebral body was markedly common, ranging from 3.3 to 75.6%. Although the majority was asymptomatic, a few devastating clinical adverse effects were reported (mean 2.4%). Although percutaneous vertebroplasty is a widely accepted treatment for osteoporotic vertebral fractures, we revealed only a single controlled trial. We conclude that there are insufficient data available to reliably assess efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty. The procedure has a low rate of clinical complications, but potential complications can be devastating. In the future, assessing the efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty requires controlled trials with long-term follow-up.

A randomized controlled trial was performed to compare the cemented Stanmore metal-on-metal (Biomet, Warsaw, Indiana) total hip arthroplasty (THA; 102 hips) to the cemented Stanmore metal-on-polyethylene (Biomet) THA (98 hips). The primary outcome was clinical performance. Radiological performance, serum cobalt analysis, and prosthetic survival were secondary outcome measures. At a mean follow-up of 5.6 years, 5 patients were lost to follow-up, 18 died, and 4 were revised (3 metal-on- metal, 1 metal-on-polyethylene). Harris Hip Scores improved from 48 to 90 in the metal-on-metal patients (P<.001) and from 46 to 87 in the metal-on-polyethylene patients (P<.001). Oxford Hip Scores changed from 40 to 19 in the metal-on-metal group (P<.001) and from 40 to 18 in the metal-on-polyethylene group (P<.001). For both Harris and Oxford Hip Scores, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Five-year survival with revision for any reason was 97% (95% CI 93%-100%) in the metal-on-metal group and 99% (95% CI 97%-100%) in the metal-on-polyethylene group. All revisions were indicated for aseptic loosening (metal-on-metal: 3 cup revisions; metal-on-polyethylene: 1 total revision). At 5-year follow-up, cemented metal-on-metal THA showed no clinical superiority over metal-on-polyethylene THA.

No abstract

No abstract

BackgroundTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most successful orthopaedic procedures. Because of the increasing number of THAs, a growing demand for faster recovery and a greater emphasis on cost-effectiveness, minimally invasive THAs have been introduced in the last decades. The direct anterior approach is a minimally invasive, tissue-sparing approach in which intermuscular planes are used. Theoretically, this approach should result in a faster recovery of physical functioning and higher health-related quality of life.Methods/designA randomised controlled trial will be performed. Patients will be randomly allocated to undergo THA by means of the anterior or posterolateral approach. Both the intervention and control group will consist of two subgroups: 1) patients with a good bone stock who will receive an uncemented femoral stem, and 2) patients with a poor bone stock who will receive a cemented femoral stem. Patients between 18 and 90 years with primary or secondary osteoarthritis will be included. Physical functioning and health-related quality of life will be assessed by means of questionnaires. Additionally, performance based tests will be performed to objectively assess the physical functioning. Cost-effectiveness will be assessed by obtaining data on medical costs in and outside the hospital and other nonmedical costs. Measurements will take place preoperatively, two and six weeks, three months and one year postoperatively.DiscussionThere is some evidence that the anterior approach results in reduced tissue damage and faster recovery in the direct postoperative period, compared to the posterolateral approach. However, there is still a lack of well-designed studies that have confirmed the better outcomes and cost-effectiveness of the anterior approach. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the physical functioning, health related quality of life and the cost-effectiveness of the anterior approach, compared to the conventional posterolateral approach.Trial registrationNetherlands Trial Registry, number 5343 (registration date April 12, 2015)Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12891-016-1322-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Both kyphoplasty procedures were able to restore height in this in vitro study, while strength and stiffness were partially restored, with no significant differences. In this study on average significant less cement was used in the VJT procedure. No complications were noted in both groups. This new end plate-to-end plate laminar augmentation technique may be of clinical advantage.

In the sagittal plane, a plaster cast with or without unilateral hip immobilization can decrease motion during spinal flexion-extension. This stabilizing effect on the lumbosacral joint could not be observed during walking.