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NaOCl alone or associated with HEBP were the most effective irrigant solutions in dissolving and killing E. faecalis biofilms.

The antibacterial efficacy of intracanal medicaments for 2 and 7 days, in open apex root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis biofilms was compared. One hundred and thirty-eight standardized uniradicular human roots were inoculated with E. faecalis. Colony forming units (CFU) were recorded before and after medication. Samples were divided in two (2/7 days), and subdivided (n=8/group): triple antibiotic paste (TAP); double antibiotic paste (DAP); dental base paste (DBP), consisting of calcium hydroxide, propylene glycol and calcium carbonate; DBP+0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX); DBP+0.2% cetrimide (CTR); DBP+0.2% CHX+0.2% CTR; 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); and distilled water. At both periods TAP, DAP, DBP+0.2% CHX, DBP+0.2% CTR and DBP+0.2% CHX+0.2% CTR exhibited no growth (NG) of E. faecalis. Distilled water and 2.5% NaOCl obtained the lowest CFU reduction. No growth with DBP was reached only at 7 days. CHX and/or CTR pastes were as effective as DAP and TAP. A 2-day period provided an effective disinfection.

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Overall, 2.5% NaOCl dissolved and killed bacteria significantly more efficiently when used against polymicrobial mature biofilm on human dentine. Cetrimide improved the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine and alexidine.

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