Antibacterial and Anti-biofilm Activity of AH Plus with Chlorhexidine and Cetrimide

Do Medicaments Affect the Adhesive Property of the Resin – Based Sealer – An In Vitro Study

“…AH Plus, an epoxy resin-based root canal sealer, was selected in this study because several in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies indicate its suitability for endodontic therapy due to its biocompatibility, good tissue tolerance, sealing ability, and long term dimensional stability. 9 In the present study there was no significant difference in sealing ability of AH Plus sealer when CHX and CTR were added as they are used in low concentrations which does not effects the physical properties of sealer. Matilde RuizLinares et al in their study elucidated that the addition of CHX, CTR, and combinations of both to AH Plus does not alter the physical properties specified by ANSI/ADA requirements.…”

“…8 In the same line, Chlorhexidine (CHX) and Cetrimide (CTR) which are effective antimicrobial agents were incorporated into AH Plus sealer and studies by M. Estela Bailon-Sanchez et al, showed that these combinations increased the bactericidal and antibiofilm capacity of the sealer. 9 Though antimicrobial properties of AH plus sealer were improved by addition of CHX and CTR, further experiments concerning dimensional stability, adhesion to dentin or gutta percha, and leakage of the sealer should be undertaken before these combinations can be considered for clinical application. The obturation technique advocated along with sealer is also important to achieve hermetic, three dimensional root canal filling.…”

Antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine-cetrimide combination, <i>Salvia officinalis</i> plant extract and octenidine in comparison with conventional endodontic irrigants

“…Enterococcus faecalis, which is a commonlyused organism for dentin disinfection studies due to its resistance against root canal disinfectants was chosen for this study. It is the most frequently isolated microorganism in persistent root canal infections, and also, it is easy to maintain and cultivate under laboratory conditions 5,9,12,14,20,39) . Its capability to invade dentinal tubules was also confirmed previously ex vivo 35) .…”

“…However, CHX does not have any capacity to dissolve pulp tissue and remove debris from the root canal walls 11) . Cetrimide (CTR) is a cationic surfactant that reduces the surface tension of solutions, thereby improving their contact with surfaces of difficult access 12) . It was reported that incorporation of CTR into CHX solution improves the antibacterial effects of CHX 13,14) .…”

Quaternary ammonium compounds in dental restorative materials

“…Besides, they had tested the biocompatibility of these new materials by comparing the cytotoxicity of QPEI with and without sealers on osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells, and from the results we could get the conclusion that the incorporation of 2% QPEI particles into AH Plus and PCS modulates the proliferation and differentiation of bone cells, depending on the type of sealer and the cell, but without increasing the sealers' cytotoxicity 91) . And then, CHX, CTR, or combination of both were added into AH Plus to confer it with bactericidal and anti-biofilm activity against E. faecalis, and do not alter its physical properties 92,93) . Similarly, Gong et al 94) had incorporated quaternary ammonium epoxy silicate (QAES) into epoxy resin-based AH Plus and had found that modified epoxy resin-based AH Plus might be a promising material for controlling endodontic infection at the time of canal filling and preventing subsequent reinfection.…”