The aim of this study was to analyse the accuracy of scintigraphic and gamma probe sentinel node (SN) localization in breast cancer patients who have been submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC). Seventy-six patients with single breast cancer were included in the study, and were classified into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 40 women who had received NC, and Group 2 consisted of 36 women who did not receive NC. All patients received 111 MBq (3 mCi) of 99Tcm-nanocolloid in 3 ml, by peritumoural injection. Anterior and lateral thoracic scans were obtained 2 h post-injection. The following day (18-24 h post-injection) the patients underwent surgery and sentinel nodes were localized by using a gamma probe. Complete axillary lymph node dissection was performed in all patients. Histological analysis included haematoxylin-eosin in all cases and immunohistochemistry in 10 cases. In Group 1, SNs were localized in 36/40 patients, histological analysis was performed in 34 and there were four false negatives (22%). In Group 2, SNs were localized in 32/36 patients, histological analysis was performed in 29 and there were two false negatives (9%). Predictive negative values were 78% and 90% in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. In summary, sentinel node localization in breast cancer patients submitted to previous neoadjuvant chemotherapy is less accurate than in patients who do not receive this therapy. The procedure is not sufficiently accurate to localize the sentinel node, thus it cannot be recommended in these patients.
Background: Despite recent progress in diagnostic and oncology therapy, lung cancer constitutes the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide, with approximately 85% of lung cancer cases being nonesmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) histological type. The study of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutational profile in nonesmall cell lung cancer patients has a special clinical significance in the selection of patients for tyrosine-kinase inhibitor therapy. The aim of this study was to identify the frequency and spectrum of EGFR mutations in a cohort of Moroccan patients with lung cancer using the ADx-ARMS technology. Method: We performed a retrospective study by processing 164 cases of NSCLC patients recruited between March 2015 and March 2018. Using the DNA extracted from the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded FFPE tissue, we attempted to identify somatic mutations in exons 18 to 21 of the tyrosine-kinase "TK" domain of EGFR gene. We evaluated EGFR mutations using High Resolution Melt (HRM) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real time PCR "ADx-ARMS technology" for results confirmation. Results: Among the positive mutant cases, the resulting mutations were as follows: 70% of patients have a deletion in exon 19, 10% in exon 21(L858R), 10% in exon 20 (6.7% T790M and 3.3% S768L) and 10% in exon 18 (G719A/C). The EGFR mutations were more frequent among males compared to females (51,7% and 48,3% respectively), all of the positive patients with EGFR mutations were adenocarcinoma (ADK) and 37,9%% of them were smokers. Conclusion: The presented method can be implemented at the laboratories to identify the most frequent EGFR mutations that are important for targeted therapy of advanced lung cancer patients.
e11624 Background: The molecular classification (Perou) helped to identify new groups of patients with different biological behaviors. A retrospective, descriptive, comparative trial with adjuvant chemotherapy treatment was conducted. Objectives: Analyze the natural history of the subgroups of patients, frequency, site of relapse and Disease-free survival (DFS). Materials and Methods: 200 Medical charts of patients with breast cancer were analyzed from 1997 to 2007, who had received adjuvant treatment without Trastuzumab. The 92, 5 % of Luminal A, 91 % of Luminal B y C, the 75.9 % of Her2 (+) and the 69.2 % of Triple Negative (TN) had received adjuvant therapy with FAC, while 30% of the last two groups were treated with taxanes and anthracyclines. We evaluated the site of the first relapse after adjuvant treatment in relation to the new molecular classification. Log-rank test was used to compare the rates of Disease-free survival (DFS). Results: Frequency: Luminal A (86, 42%) Luminal B y C (65, 33%) Her2 + (33, 17%) TN: (16, 8%) The locoregional relapse in the TN group was 36.4% (P = 0.003), the average of bone relapses were 64.5% on the four groups without statically significance compared to other groups. The CNS had a greater trend in TN groups (16.7%) and Her2+ (13.6%), compared to Luminal Type A-B (0 % y 8.3 %). Disease-free survival (DFS): Luminal A 65.0 ± 5.0 months Luminal B y C 50.3 ± 4.3 months HER2 42.9 ± 5.5 months TN 31.1 ± 7.3 months In the analysis of type A luminal subgroup, a prolonged disease free time was showed when compared with the others subgroups, of major statistical significance Log rank (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Her2 negative and TN tumors have less DFS and a higher locoregional and CNS relapse. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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