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Oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant status have been implicated in the pathogenesis of malaria. To assess the antioxidant level ofbilirubin and uric acid associated with falciparum malaria infection, 60 untreated patients (30 men and 30 women) in Douala, Cameroon were screened for the study. Sixty five healthy individuals (29 men and 36 women) were used as controls. Total and conjugated bilirubin were calculated using Jendrassik-Grof method while uric acid was determined using Barham-Trinder method. It was observed that total and conjugated bilirubins were significantly (p < 0.001) higher in malaria patients (10.722 +/- 4.043 and 3.627 +/- 1.571 mg L(-1), respectively) when compared to control (6.830 +/- 2.436 and 1.777 +/- 0.729 mg L(-1)) and these bilirubin levels increased significantly with parasite count (p < 0.050). There was also significant increased (p = 0.021) of uric acid in malaria patients (56.262 +/- 13.963 mg L(-1)) compared to controls (49.838 +/- 15.419 mg L(-1)). No significant differences based on sex were observed on uric acid, parasite count, total and conjugated bilirubins in malaria patients. Positive correlations were obtained between parasite count and total bilirubin (r = 0.320, p < 0.050), conjugated bilirubin (r = 0.477, p < 0.001), uric acid (r = 0.060, p > 0.050) and between total and conjugated bilirubin (r = 0.729, p < 0.001). From this study, it has been hypothesized that the augmentation of plasma level ofbilirubin and uric acid could provide more protection against oxidative stress induced by malaria.

Les maladies cardiovasculaires sont un problème de santé publique affectant plus de 30% de la population mondiale. Une des principales causes de ces pathologies est l’hyperlipidémie. Cette étude vise à valoriser l’huile du poisson en explorant ses effets sur la dyslipidémie. 20 rattes ont été réparties en 4 groupes : le groupe 1 a reçu le régime standard de laboratoire (RSL), les Groupes 2, 3 et 4 ont reçu le RSL supplémenté au jaune d’oeuf bouilli à la dose de 5 g/j/ratte. Après 16 semaines, le groupe 3 a reçu uniquement le RSL, le roupe 4 a reçu le RSL et supplémenté à l’huile à 1 g/jr/kg pendant 3 semaines. Au terme de cette expérimentation les rattes ont été sacrifiées et les paramètres biochimiques sériques ont été dosés. Les résultats montrent que le régime hyperlipidémique a induit le surpoids, des désordres tissulaires et plasmatiques marqués par l’augmentation du cholestérol-CT, des triglycérides, du cholestérol LDL et la baisse du cholestérol HDL. Le groupe 4 a présenté une baisse significative du CT, des TG, du C-LDL et l’augmentation du C-HDL. L’huile de E. fimbriata a présenté des effets hypolipidémiques et pourrait être utilisée dans la prévention des risques cardiaques. Cette étude se poursuivra par la détermination du profil en acide gras de cette huile.Mots clés : Dyslipidémie, surpoids, hypolipidémie, hyperlipémie, lipide.   English Title: Hypolipidemic effects of oil extracted from Ethmalosa fimbriata on dislipidemic female ratsCardiovascular diseases represent a public health problem which affects more than 30% of people worldwide. One principle cause of these diseases is hyperlipidemia. This study aimed at valorising fish oil by investing its effects on dyslipidemia. Twenty female rats divided in four groups: Group 1 was fed with standard laboratory diet (SLD); while groups 2, 3 and 4 received the SLD supplemented with cooked egg yolk (5 g/day/rat). After 16 weeks, group 3 received only the SLD and group 4 was fed with SLD supplemented with E. fimbriata oil (1 g/day/kg of body mass) during 3 weeks. At the end of the test, animals were kill and some organs were removed. Some blood biochemical parameters were also measured. Result showed that the hyperlidemic diet induced weight gain, tissular and plasma disorders characterized by increase of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL Cholesterol and decrease of HDL Cholesterol indicating mixed dyslipidemia in group 2 compare to others groups. Group 4 had a significantly (p˂0.05) decrease in cholesterolemia, triglyceridemia, CLDL and increase levels of CHDL. There was also a tendency for disappearance in tissues disorders. E.fimbriata oil has hypolipidemic effects and could be used to prevent cardiovascular risks. This study should continue with determination of fatty acid composition of this fish oil.Keywords: Overweight, lipid, dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, hypolipidemia