What ' s known on the subject? and What does the study add? A bone scan index (BSI) can quantify the extent of bone involvement and response to treatment, but it has not been widely accepted, because of its time-consuming nature.The study is the fi rst to demonstrate that automated BSI calculated with a computerassisted diagnosis system is effective in judging the chemotherapeutic response of bone metastatic lesions in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE• To evaluate the value of an automated bone scan index (aBSI), calculated using a computer-assisted diagnosis system, to indicate chemotherapy response and to predict prognosis in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with bone metastasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS• Forty-two consecutive CRPC patients underwent taxane-based chemotherapy between November 2004 and March 2011 at our institution.• The aBSIs were retrospectively calculated at the diagnosis of CRPC and 16 weeks after starting chemotherapy.• Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to multivariate analyses with and without aBSI response in addition to the basic model.• Based on the difference in the concordance index (c-index) between each model, the prognostic relevance of adding the aBSI response was determined. RESULTS• A decrease in aBSI was found in 28 patients (66.7%), whereas a response was shown by bone scan in only 23.8% of patients.• Patients with a reduction in aBSI had longer overall survival (OS) in comparison with the other patients ( P = 0.0157).• Multivariate analysis without aBSI response showed that performance status ( P = 0.0182) and PSA response ( P = 0.0375) were signifi cant prognosticators.• By adding the aBSI response to this basic model, the prognostic relevance of the model was improved with an increase in the c-index from 0.621 to 0.660. CONCLUSIONS• The aBSI refl ected the chemotherapy response in bone metastasis.• The index detected small changes of bone metastasis response as quantifi ed values and was a strong prognostic indicator for patients with CRPC. KEYWORDScastration-resistant prostate cancer , bone scan , bone scan index , computer-assisted diagnosis , chemotherapy Study Type -Prognosis (case series) Level of Evidence 4
Tc-PYP accumulation in the myocardium. Patients were divided into two groups with and without a diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis, and we examined the PYP accumulation rates in both groups. In addition, we examined the PYP scores of the two groups by conventional qualitative evaluation. Results: The PYP scores of the cardiac amyloidosis group were significantly higher than those of the other group. The PYP accumulation rates of the cardiac amyloidosis group were significantly higher than those of the other group. There was a significant difference in the PYP accumulation rate and PYP score between the two groups. There was considered to be the threshold between two groups in the case of PYP accumulation rate. Conclusions: When the threshold of the PYP score was defined as 3+ and that of the PYP accumulation rate was defined as 41.5%, the sensitivity of the PYP score and PYP accumulation rate was 84.6%. However, the specificity of the PYP accumulation rate was higher than that of the PYP score.Quantitative evaluation by PYP accumulation rate of the degree of 99m Tc-PYP accumulation in the myocardium may be useful in the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. Novel quantitative cardiac amyloidosis evaluation method
Objective We examined the difference of the effect by data to revise a gamma camera difference. The difference-correction method of the camera is incorporated in eZIS analysis.MethodsWe acquired single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) data from the three-dimensional (3D) Hoffman brain phantom (Hoffman), the three-dimensional brain phantom (3D-Brain), Pool phantom (pool) and from normal subjects (Normal-SPECT) to investigate compensating for a difference in gamma camera systems. We compared SPECT counts of standard camera with the SPECT counts that revised the difference of the gamma camera system (camera). Furthermore, we compared the “Z-score map (Z-score)”. To verify the effect of the compensation, we examined digitally simulated data designed to represent a patient with Alzheimer’s dementia. We carried out both eZIS analysis and “Specific Volume of interest Analysis (SVA)”.ResultsThere was no great difference between the correction effect using Hoffman phantom data and that using 3D-Brain phantom data. Furthermore, a good compensation effect was obtained only over a limited area. The compensation based on the pool was found to be less satisfactory than any of the other compensations according to all results of the measurements examined in the study. The compensation based on the Normal-SPECT data resulted in a Z-score map (Z-score) for the result that approximated that from the standard camera. Therefore, we concluded that the effect of the compensation based on Normal-SPECT data was the best of the four methods tested.ConclusionsBased on eZIS analysis, the compensation using the pool data was inferior to the compensations using the other methods tested. Based on the results of the SAV analysis, the effect of the compensation using the Hoffman data was better than the effect of the compensation using the 3D-Brain data. By all end-point measures, the compensation based on the Normal-SPECT data was more accurate than the compensation based on any of the other three phantoms.
In the dopamine transporter scintigraphy there are two quantitative analysis softwares, DaTView and DaTQUANT. The quantitative value of both software has to be treated independently because there is a difference between them in the point of how to set the region of interest on the striatum and the background, calculation formula of quantitation. And also DaTQUANT has a capability of performing anatomical standardization which DaTView does not have. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of registration on DaTQUANT using a phantom, and to evaluate the correlation between the quantitative values between DaTView and DaTQUANT using clinical data. As a result, the accuracy of registration was acceptable. Regardless of the degree of accumulation in the striatum, there was a high correlation to each analysis software (r>0.85).
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