Chromosome aberration is a biomarker to predict the level of cell damage caused by exposure to ionizing radiation on human body. Dicentric chromosome is a specific chromosome aberration caused by ionizing radiation and is used as a gold standard biodosimetry of individuals over exposed to ionizing radiation. In radiation accident the dicentric assays has been applied as biological dosimetry to estimate radiation absorbed dose and also to confirm the radiation dose received to radiation workers.The purpose of this study was to generate a dose response curve of chromosome aberration (dicentric) in human lymphocyte induced by gamma radiation. Peripheral blood samples from three non smoking healthy volunteers aged between 25-48 years old with informed consent were irradiated with dose between 0.1-4.0 Gy and a control using gamma teletherapy source. The culture procedure was conducted following the IAEA standard procedures with slight modifications. Analysis of dose-response curves used was LQ model Y = a + αD + βD 2. The result showed that α and β values of the curve obtained were 0.018 ± 0.006 and 0.013 ± 0.002, respectively. Dose response calibration curve for dicentric chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes induced by gamma-radiation fitted to linear quadratic model. In order to apply the dose response curve of chromosome aberration disentric for biodosimetry, this standar curve still need to be validated.
People living in high background radiation areas (HBRAs) possibly develop the radioadaptive response (RAR) phenomenon. The Mamuju area in West Sulawesi Indonesia is known as an HBRA in Indonesia due to its high natural uranium contents. It is possible that RAR has developed in Mamuju inhabitants. To prove this hypothesis, here in this study, evaluation of the individual radiosensitivity in the inhabitants of Takandeang Village, Mamuju, was conducted using G 2 micronucleus (MN) assay. Association between blood groups and TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism with individual radiosensitivity was also evaluated in this study. Using G 2 MN assay, we assessed the individual radiosensitivity of Takandeang Village inhabitants and control samples. For each sample, three parameters were calculated. The spontaneous (baseline) MN number, MN number after 0.5 Gy in vitro irradiation, and radiation-induced MN were calculated to predict the individual radiosensitivity. The radiation-induced MN was defined by subtracting the spontaneous MN number from the MN number after irradiation. The mean and SD of the number of micronuclei induced by radiation found in control group (CG) was set as the cutoff value to determine the individual radiosensitivity in all samples. The occurrence of a radiation-induced MN value higher than the mean CG + 1SD CG was scored as 1, indicating a milder radiosensitive phenotype, whereas a result higher than the mean CG + 2SD CG was scored as 2, and indicated a more severe radiosensitive phenotype. When the individual value was lower than the mean CG + 1SD CG, a score of 0 was attributed to the tested subject. The results showed that four individuals in Takandeang Village inhabitants had a milder radiosensitive phenotype, while the others were categorized as normal radiosensitive. A similar finding was also found in control samples. Our study failed to find any correlation between radiosensitivity and either blood group or the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism. Overall, our study revealed the possibility of RAR phenomena in Takandeang Village inhabitants. Further investigation using a different point of radiation dose value and larger sample number should be performed to validate this study results.Journal homepage: http://aij.batan.go.id
Studi aberasi kromosom pada pekerja radiasi di rumah sakit. Pekerja radiasi di rumah sakit merupakan kelompok pekerja yang beresiko menerima paparan dari radiasi pengion seperti sinar-X dan Cobalt 60 secara terus menerus yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan materi genetik. Studi sitogenetik memperlihatkan bahwa paparan radiasi dosis rendah secara terus menerus dapat meningkatkan frekuensi kerusakan (aberasi) kromosom. Aberasi kromosom berkaitan erat dengan perubahan genetik yang dapat memicu perkembangan kanker sehingga meningkatnya frekuensi aberasi kromosom juga berarti meningkatnya resiko kecenderungan kanker.Oleh karena hal tersebut maka deteksi aberasi kromosom dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi resiko paparan radiaso ionosasi pada pekerja radiasi di rumah sakit. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kondisi tingkat kerusakan kromosom pada sel darah yang diinduksi oleh paparan radiasi akibat kerja pada para pekerja radiasi di rumah sakit. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kondisi tingkat kerusakan kromosom pada sel darah yang diinduksi oleh paparan radiasi akibat kerja pada para pekerja radiasi di rumah sakit. Sebanyak 1 mL sampel darah masing-masing dari 4 non pekerja radiasi dan 34 pekerja radiasi rumah sakit yang bertugas sebagai operator radioterapi dan radiodiagnostik serta dokter dan perawat dan juga fisikiawan medis dikultur selama 48 jam dan dipanen kemudian dibuat preparatnya untuk diamati keberadaan aberasi kromosom dengan mikroskop sebanyak 250-500 sel metafase tiap sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe aberasi kromosom yang ditemukan adalah fragmen asentrik. Hal tersebut kemungkinan karena dosis radiasi yang diterima para pekerja belum cukup untuk menginduksi terbentuknya disentrik maupun ring.
STUDI ABERASI KROMOSOM PADA PEKERJA RADIASI DI RUMAH SAKIT. Pekerja radiasi di rumah sakit merupakan kelompok pekerja yang berisiko menerima paparan radiasi pengion seperti sinar-X dan gamma secara terus menerus yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan materi genetik. Studi sitogenetik memperlihatkan bahwa paparan radiasi dosis rendah secara terus menerus dapat meningkatkan frekuensi kerusakan (aberasi) kromosom. Aberasi kromosom berkaitan erat dengan perubahan genetik yang dapat memicu perkembangan kanker sehingga meningkatnya frekuensi aberasi kromosom juga berarti meningkatnya risiko kecenderungan kanker. Oleh karena hal tersebut maka deteksi aberasi kromosom dapal digunakan untuk memprediksi risiko paparan radiasi ionisasi pada pekerja radiasi di rumah sakit. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengelahui apakah kondisi tingkat kerusakan kromosom pada sel darah yang diinduksi oleh paparan radiasi akibat kerja pada para pekerja radiasi di rumah sakit. Sebanyak 1 mL sampel darah masing-masing dari 4 non pekerja radiasi dan 34 pekerja radiasi rumah sakit yang bertugas sebagai operator radioterapi dan radiodiagnostik serta dokter dan perawat dan juga fisikawan medis dikultur selama 48 jam dan dipanen kemudian dibuat preparatnya untuk diamati keberadaan aberasi kromosom dengan mikroskop sebanyak 250-500 sel metafase tiap sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe aberasi kromosom yang ditemukan adalah fragmen asentrik. Hal tersebut kemungkinan karen a dosis radiasi yang diterima para pekerja belum cukup untuk menginduksi terbentuknya disentrik maupun ring.
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