Since there is no available serological methods to detect antibodies to ferret coronavirus (FRCoV), an
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant partial nucleocapsid (N) proteins of the ferret
coronavirus (FRCoV) Yamaguchi-1 strain was developed to establish a serological method for detection of FRCoV
infection. Many serum samples collected from ferrets recognized both a.a. 1–179 and a.a. 180–374 of the N
protein, but two serum samples did not a.a. 180–374 of the N protein. This different reactivity was also
confirmed by immunoblot analysis using the serum from the ferret.Therefore, the a.a. 1–179 of the N protein
was used as an ELISA antigen. Serological test was carried out using sera or plasma of ferrets in Japan.
Surprisingly, 89% ferrets in Japan had been infected with FRCoV. These results indicated that our established
ELISA using a.a. 1–179 of the N protein is useful for detection of antibody to FRCoV for diagnosis and
seroepidemiology of FRCoV infection.
In order to develop a feasible process for production of enriched 16N, nitrogen isotope separation by ion exchange has been studied. The attention has been placed on the concentration of the eluent LiOH solution introduced into the ion exchange column, packed with specially synthesized cation exchange resin. The ammonium ion adsorption band initially charged in the resin bed was eluted in a reverse breakthrough manner. The separation coefficients E have been confirmed not to be seriously affected by the eluent concentration. However a tendency of slight decrease in 5 has appeared in the high concentration region. The values of HETPs of the process have been also shown almost constant, in spite of the large difference in the migration velocity depending on the eluent concentration. The results suggest that the ion exchange rates are very fast a t high concentrations of the eluent, probably due to the large mobility of neutral ammonia in the resin.KEY WORDS: nitrogen isotope. nitrogen 15, isotope effects, isotope separation, ion exchange, cation exchange resin, chromatography, mass spectrometry, isotope ratio,
HETP
A long-distance chromatographic operation was carried out in order to study the isotope accumulation of I5 N in the ion-exchange enrichment process by using a porous microreticular cation-exchange resin. Combined bands of ammonium and lithium ions were eluted up to 20 m, and thereafter the ammonium band was eluted up to a total migration distance of 60 m. The constant lengths of the adsorbed bands were maintained throughout the elution, and a sharp boundary at the rear end of the ammonium band was monitored by an electric conductivity meter. The enrichment of both 15 N at the rear end of the ammonium band and 6 Li at the rear end of the lithium band were confirmed in the experiment. The values of HETP in the system were kept almost constant, 0.49 mm, throughout the migration up to a distance of 60 m. Previously reported works on the same process are analyzed, and an empirical relation for HETP in terms of resin diameter and band velocity has been obtained as HETP = c(d p u B ) 0M .
In order to develop a feasible process for production of enriched 16N, nitrogen isotope separation by ion exchange has been studied. The attention has been placed on the concentration of the eluent LiOH solution introduced into the ion exchange column, packed with specially synthesized cation exchange resin. The ammonium ion adsorption band initially charged in the resin bed was eluted in a reverse breakthrough manner. The separation coefficients E have been confirmed not to be seriously affected by the eluent concentration. However a tendency of slight decrease in 5 has appeared in the high concentration region. The values of HETPs of the process have been also shown almost constant, in spite of the large difference in the migration velocity depending on the eluent concentration. The results suggest that the ion exchange rates are very fast a t high concentrations of the eluent, probably due to the large mobility of neutral ammonia in the resin.
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