We report on the lasing characteristics of low-threshold long-wavelength GaInNAs double quantum well (DQW) lasers grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). We have achieved a threshold current density of 450 A/cm2 for a 1.28-µm-emitting laser. This is the lowest value for 1.3-µm-range GaInNAs lasers grown by MOCVD. We also observed high characteristic temperatures (T
0) of 210 K and 130 K for 1.25 µm and 1.28 µm lasers, respectively. In addition, we investigated the gradual change in lasing characteristics under pulsed operation. The blue shift of an emission wavelength and a threshold current reduction were observed, which is similar to that observed in the thermal annealing of GaInNAs.
In this study, we demonstrate a highly strained 1.2 µm GaInAs/GaAs quantum well laser which may be used in high-speed local area networks. Edge emitting lasers with either a GaInP or AlGaAs cladding layer have been fabricated. We have achieved a threshold current density as low as 170 A/cm2 for GaInP-cladding-layer lasers and a high characteristic temperature T
0 as high as 211 K from 30°C to 120°C for AlGaAs-cladding-layer lasers. The material gain coefficient g
0 was estimated to be 1550 cm-1 which is comparable to that of 0.98 µm GaInAs lasers. A preliminary lifetime test under heatsink-free CW condition was carried out, which shows no notable degradation after 300 h. We also demonstrated an AlAs oxide confinement laser in a 1.2 µm wavelength band.
A new and simple treatment of miscibility gap calculations for ternary and quaternary semiconductors including strain is presented. Our treatment leads to the same result as that of previous treatments, in the case of lattice-matched layers, but provides a more realistic and rigorous description for coherently strained layers. We also discuss the differences between our treatment and previous treatments, including misfit strain caused by the substrate. Our treatment is applied in miscibility gap calculations for GaInNAs and GaInAsSb material systems. Theoretical predictions by miscibility gap calculations are compared with growth experiments and show reasonable agreement.
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