Participation in overseas programs has recently increased as an international strategy worldwide. However, Japan has been the exception, because the number of Japanese students studying abroad has decreased over the last decade. The Japanese government and universities began efforts to motivate Japanese students to gain international experience. However, efforts to measure the impact of overseas programs other than in English proficiency have been limited. This paper reports the benefits of three types of overseas short-term programs offered by Tottori University (TU) to support Japanese students in studying abroad through the Global Getaway Program (GGP), emphasizing practical training in developing countries. Data for this study were collected from students from 2006 to 2011 before the GGP and 2012 to 2016 after its implementation. Students were tested before and after participating in overseas short-term programs, and results were compared with those who did not participate. The questionnaire survey carried out revealed significant differences in all global competences skills between students who attended overseas programs and those that did not. In addition, after participating in the overseas program, students understood i, why English as a tool for communication will help them grow as internationally minded future leaders, ii, how foreign languages can lead to overseas practical skills, and iii, the importance of field practice as opposed to knowledge only acquired in the classroom. The achievement of this study increases the value of overseas training for the younger Japanese generation and their perception of developing advanced thinking abilities through practical education in developing countries.Keywords: developing country, global human resources, higher education, overseas short-term programs, practical education, Tottori University, Japan
IntroductionDemographics, economic pressure, and globalization in higher education are the main reasons for students' mobility worldwide. According to The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ([UNESCO], 2013) the number of outbound students has increased from 1.3 million in 1990 to 4.3 million in 2011. In the past, students' mobility focused on English-speaking countries. However, in recent years, the number of students from Asia and the Pacific region has also increased, and 53% of all students enrolled in higher education in 2011 were from China, India, and Korea (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD], 2012;Nam, 2018).The speed of population decline and aging in developed and developing countries is another relevant issue affecting higher education worldwide. Japan has a rapidly aging population and low birth rate, resulting in a decrease of the youth and working age populations. The decreasing number of young people and the emergence of new universities has led to an over-supply of universities in Japan. Therefore, Japan is moving towards enhancing or cultivating the capabilities of the younger generati...
