Hybrids not carrying Drosophila simulans X chromosome derived from the cross between D. melanogaster females and D. simulans males are lethal at the late third instar larval period or early pupal stage. This lethality can be rescued by the mutation Lethal hybrid rescue (Lhr) of D. simulans. The Lhr gene is considered to play an important role in reproductive isolation, but the genetic analyses have not been carried out extensively because of the lack of visible mutations and chromosome rearrangements in D. simulans. Using a cuticle mutation, jabara, of which locus is close to Lhr, and D. melanogaster deficiencies, we performed cytological mapping in hybrids and estimated the Lhr locus to 54E-F.
Summary: Spin‐drawing yarn (SDY) and high‐speed spun (HSS) fibers were produced from recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) pellets, and the oligomer deposition on the surface of fiber in supercritical carbon dioxide fluid was compared. The oligomer deposition was obvious for SDY, which corresponded to the fact that the amount of imperfect small crystallites generated in amorphous regions through s‐CO2 treatment was much smaller for SDY as compared to that with HSS. The imperfect small crystallites generated in amorphous regions will work as a barrier to the oligomer migration. In order to suppress the deposition of oligomer for SDY, the combination of a heatset treatment and an alkaline etching was useful. At a heatset process, the oligomer migration to the surface layer tends to occur, and the layer becomes rich in oligomer. The following topochemical hydrolysis reaction at alkaline etching removes such layer. Accordingly, the total content of oligomer in etched fiber is reduced. As a result, the oligomer deposition in s‐CO2 treatment becomes not so serious. In addition, the heatset treatment gives the shrinkproof property to SDY, and the property is still retained after the alkaline etching. magnified image
Water absorption by a textile is analyzed as a kind of retarding system, such as viscoelastic matter in creeping deformation. The function of the mass of absorbed water versus time is expanded into a superposition of an infinite or finite number of linear-retardation elements characterized by different time constants. The spectrum of retardation time obtained thus shows several peculiar peaks at isolated time values which are greatly different in order of magnitude depending on the sort or weave density of the textile. This approach of analysis may throw a new light upon the study of fluid penetration through textiles.
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