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Context: Depression is a common problem during pregnancy. Depression has several adverse effects on the mother and infant. Evidence Acquisition: The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of depression in pregnant women in Iran. Methods: This study was performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched the literature in the national and international databases, including Magiran, Iranmedex, SID, Medlib, IranDoc, Scopus, PubMed, Elsevier (Science Direct, Embase, and Scopus), Web of Science (ISI), and Google Scholar using Persian and English (MeSH) keywords. Cochran's Q test and I 2 index were used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence using meta-analysis comprehension ver. 3. Results: 40 studies containing 15,870 Iranian pregnant women were included in the Meta-analysis. The heterogeneity of the studies was estimated to be high (I 2 = 99.70%, P < 0.001). Conclusions: According to the high prevalence of depression in Iranian pregnant woman, identification and treatment of depression during pregnancy seem essential. Thus, program designing and implementation are recommended for improving the psychological health of pregnant women.

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Nurses are exposed to workplace violence more than other healthcare professionals. This study aims to examine the prevalence of different types of workplace violence against Iranian nurses. A systematic review and meta-analysis were designed according to the PRISMA statement. To avoid bias, all stages of the research were done independently by two researchers. Eligible studies were retrieved from comprehensive search of several electronic databases included Magiran, Barakat Knowledge Network System, IranDoc, Regional Information Center for Science and Technology (RICST), Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranian National Library, PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Science Direct, ISI Web of Knowledge, CINAHL, and Google Scholar until April 2017. A random effects model was applied to combine studies. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 2. In 26 studies, 10,858 nurses entered the meta-analysis process. The mean age and work experience of the nurses were 33.5 ± 7.5 and 10.85 ± 10.1 years, respectively. The prevalence of workplace verbal, physical, sexist, and racist violence and threat against Iranian nurses was 80.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] [74.2, 86.0]), 24.8% (95% CI [17.4, 34.0]), 6.7% (95% CI [4.9, 9.2]), 14.6% (95% CI [10.1, 20.7]), and 44% (95% CI [30.1, 58.8]), respectively. The prevalence of verbal and physical violence against the emergency department nurses was 89.7% (95% CI [69.4, 97.1]) and 21.0% (95% CI [12.6, 32.9]), respectively. The highest prevalence of verbal, physical, sexist, and racist violence was from patient’s relative (42.3%, 95% CI [30.7, 54.7]), patients (12.6%, 95% CI [5.9, 25.0]), healthcare workers (5.1%, 95% CI [2.4, 10.4]), and patients (2.3%, 95% CI [0.9, 5.4]), respectively. Given the high prevalence of violence against the nurses in Iran, it is highly necessary to take certain intervention measures and design new policies.

Background:Most patients with trauma experience different levels of pain. Due to side effects as well as economic burden of drugs used for pain relief after trauma commonly, it is important to use low-cost methods independently or combined with drugs to alleviate pain.Objectives:Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of topical sesame oil on pain severity and frequency of received NSAIDs of patients with trauma.Patients and Methods:This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 150 patients with upper or lower extremities trauma in Dezful Ganjavian Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, in 2014. Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Patients were divided into two groups of control (n = 75) and intervention (n = 75) randomly. In the intervention group, patients applied topical sesame oil beside the routine cares, while in the control group patients just received routine cares. Severity of pain and frequency of received NSAIDs was assessed in the first, third, seventh and tenth days after the intervention in the both groups. Data was analyzed by SPSS19 software using descriptive and analytic (Chi-square and independent sample t-test) statistical methods.Results:Based on student sample t-test, there was a significant difference between intervention and control groups regarding the pain severity in the first (P = 0.06), third (P = 0.001), seventh (P = 0.001) and tenth (P = 0.001) days after the intervention. Besides, the frequency of received NSAIDs in the intervention group and the control group showed significant difference in four days after the intervention (for four days P = 0.001).Conclusions:Topical application of sesame oil could reduce pain severity and frequency of received NSAIDs in patients with upper or lower extremities trauma. Therefore, it is recommended to use this oil in complementary medicine for pain relief due to low cost, easy usage and lack of adverse effects.

Introduction: Depression is the most common mental disorder in adolescents, with negative consequences including school failure, family and social dysfunction, mental illness, suicide attempts and suicide. Since one of the crucial factors in mental health is religion, the study investigated the relationship between depression and religious beliefs in female high school students of Masjed Soleyman in 2016. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional survey, sampling was conducted in cluster from from female high school students of Masjed Soleyman. For gathering data, Janbozorgi depression questionnaire for children (CADs) and Golzari Religiosity Questionnaire were used. Results: In this study, 173 students were enrolled with a mean age of 13.35 ± 1.08 years. The average depression score was 9.18, indicating moderate depression in these students. Generally, 88.4% of the students had some degrees of depression. There was direct correlation between depression scores and scores of religiosity, but it was not statistically significant (P = 0.07). The mean depression score with the mean dimensions of private religious behavior and actual behavior had statistically significant negative correlation (P > 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results, strengthening the religious behaviors of students can lead to reduction of the incidence of depression and its treatment should be considered by education directors' policies.

Background Game-based training is increasingly implemented in different nursing fields, as it allows students to learn experientially, with the flexibility to regulate their training based on their personal progresses and abilities. This study aimed to compare the effects of virtual training by the “Playing with Surgical Instruments (PlaSurIn)” game and the lecture on the surgical instruments setup knowledge and performance of Operating Room (OR) novices. Methods This study was conducted on 51 s-semester undergraduate OR technology students taking the course “An Introduction to Surgical Instruments and Equipment.” An additional virtual training session was held via a learning management system using two different methods. The students of the Game Training Group (GTG, n = 27) played individually with the “PlaSurIn” game during a week, while the students of the Lecture Training Group (LTG, n = 24) received the lecture-based training during a week. To measure knowledge, all the students participated in a theoretical test with 10 multiple-choice questions before and immediately after the training. They also participated in an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) after the training, and their performance was evaluated by the remained time for setup completion and the scores, errors, and bonuses. Results The mean score of the theoretical test was significantly higher in the GTG than in the LTG after the training (p = 0.040). Additionally, the GTG participants had higher scores (p = 0.016), fewer errors (p = 0.001), and higher bonuses (p = 0.011) compared to the LTG ones. The remained time for setup completion was also significantly longer in the GTG than in the LTG (p < 0.001). Conclusion Virtual training by “PlaSurIn” was superior to the lecture-based method for the enhancement of surgical instruments setup knowledge and performance amongst OR novices.

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