Background and aimVitiligo is a chronic skin disease characterized by a total or partial loss of melanocytes from the epidermis and other tissues of the skin. It is placed in the class of secondary psychiatric disorders and can also lead to psychological problems. The main aim of this study was to assess social acceptance in vitiligo patients.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on all of the patients (n=150) with vitiligo who were referred to dermatology clinics in Rafsanjan, Iran. The patients completed a social acceptability questionnaire (Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale), and information regarding their demographic characteristics was also collected. Data were gathered and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS-19 software.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 27.56±10.53 years and 65.9% were female. Mean score of social acceptance among the patients was 13.51±7.08. The results showed that the mean scores of social acceptance were significantly lower in women, in those with single marital status, in those with face and neck lesions, and in those with disease duration less than 5 years.ConclusionThe results showed that certain groups of patients with vitiligo are at greater risk of experiencing lower social acceptance.
Vocabulary learning strategies have dominated the subject of language learning for over two decades. This study aimed to investigate the use and preferences of these Strategies among the students at Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. One hundred eighty five students with different majors participated in this study. The instrument utilized was a modified version of Gu and Johnson questionnaire which consisted of 45 items related to the students' approach to vocabulary learning. The data were analyzed using SPSS and ANOVA. Results indicated that 57.6% of the students used dictionary to learn vocabulary. Social strategies (2.15±0.66) and guessing (2.14±0.83) had the highest obtained scores while note taking (2.14±0.83) and autonomy (1.49± 0.89) were the least used strategies. Medical and dentistry students used selective attention, and study preference, while nursing and paramedical students used social strategies more. Also, female students used social strategies more, while male students preferred autonomy and note taking strategies. students use different strategies in learning vocabulary items, therefore identifying and teaching these strategies can help teachers and curriculum developers to develop better educational materials which not only teach the importance of VLS but motivate the students to use them more frequently.
Prematurity, cardiac arrest, and septicemia were the most important causes of neonatal mortality. It is concluded that attention to the following points is very important: adopting program for pregnancy care improvement, finding and removing risk factors of premature birth, control of infection in mother's and newborn's wards, examining of personnel skill about correct newborn resuscitation methods, and arrangement of training courses.
Introduction The decision to start insulin therapy is often difficult. Determining the barriers against insulin therapy initiation can facilitate care and treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the barriers against initiating insulin therapy among patients with diabetes living in Yazd, Iran. Methods This descriptive study was conducted on 214 patients referred to the Diabetes Center of Yazd University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Participants were randomly selected, and then they completed the insulin noncompliance questionnaire (20 questions). The percentage of adherence and the factors contributing to nonadherence to insulin therapy were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the Mann–Whitney test. Results The most prevalent reason for insulin therapy refusal was expecting a new method of diabetes treatment (54.7%), followed by requiring someone else to administer the injection (19.2%), fear of needles, cost, traveling (18.7%), and stress/emotional problems (18.2%). Lack of trust in the physician was the least restrictive reason for nonadherence to insulin therapy. Conclusion The most common reason given for insulin therapy refusal was the lack of adequate education. Therefore, specialized educational interventions can help minimize barriers and improve patients’ outcomes.
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