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Gentamicin (GNT) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is that's employed in the treatment of diverse forms of bacterial infections. However, gentamicin evoked renal toxicity. Therefore, the present experiment investigated the protecting impact of Tribulus terrestris and vitamin C against GNT-induced renal toxicity in albino rats. Six groups with eight rats each were used for this purpose; they included the normal control group that received physiological saline, the second group received Tribulus terrestris (200 mg kg orally), the third group received Vit. C (200 mg kg, orally). The fourth group injected gentamicin sulfate (100mg/kg I/P). The fifth group received Tribulus terrestris (200 mg kg orally) then injected with gentamicin sulfate, the sixth group received Vit. C (200 mg kg orally) then injected with gentamicin sulfate. The results showed that GNT significantly decreases serum levels of total protein and albumin. On the other hand, there were significant increases in levels of BUN, creatinine, and uric acid. Significant decreases were recorded in the levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In addition, there was a substantial increase in the kidney contents of malondialdehyde (MDA). Serum levels of beta 2 microglobulin (β2M), nitric oxide (NO), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were substantially magnified but glutathione S transferase (GST) was significantly declined. Also, GNT caused histopathological changes and increased the expression of caspase-3 in the kidney tissues. However, administration of Tribulus terrestris as well as vitamin C, ameliorated the GNT-induced nephrotoxicity, perhaps via their antioxidant properties.

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From a clinical point of view, the establishment of laboratory variables during the first few months of an animal’s life helps clinicians to make sure they base their medical decisions on laboratory values for the specific breed and age group. The present study aimed to investigate the monthly dynamics in some plasma elements, hematology, reproductive hormones, and oxidative stress marker profiles during the first five months of age (neonatal and peri-puberty stage) in male Shiba goat’s kids. Sixteen kids were investigated from the first to the fifth month (M1 to M5), and the data were presented as the statistical difference between them. Whole blood and plasma samples were collected monthly for analysis of basal hematology, plasma elements concentration (trace elements: Cu, Zn, Se, Fe, and Cr; macroelements: Ca and Mg), circulating hormones (cortisol, FSH, LH, IGF1, immunoreactive inhibin, testosterone, T3, and T4), and oxidative stress markers (MDA, CAT, SOD, and GPX). The results showed age-related changes in the observed parameters. The fifth month recorded the lowest level of almost all investigated minerals, except for Cr. Plasma hormone levels revealed age-dependent increases in IGF-1 and testosterone, age-related decreases in T3 and T4, and non-significant changes in cortisol and FSH. Besides, the concentrations of inhibin and LH were significantly higher at M1–M3 compared with M4–M5. Plasma SOD, GPX, and CAT were increased with age. In conclusion, age-related changes and a distinction of age in months was found necessary to interpret the laboratory results, specifically in terms of age in months and the peri-puberty stage in young goats, which are important to follow up the age-specific diseases, reproductive status, and treatment follow-ups in this stage.

No abstract