U ovom radu pruža se pregled aktualnih spoznaja o tome što su kompetencije u socijalnom radu, što pokazuju istraživanja o mjerenjima kompetencija, te koji je značaj razvoja okvira kompetencija za socijalni rad u Hrvatskoj. Profesionalne kompetencije shvaćaju se kao rezultat trokuta znanja, vještina i vrijednosti, čime se stavlja naglasak na djelotvornost rada, ali i osobne dimenzije stručnjaka. Sistematizirano je osam područja generičkih kompetencija za socijalni rad, a čine ih procesne kompetencije (za izravan rad s korisnikom) i sedam metakompetencija: profesionalno ponašanje i profesionalni identitet, profesionalna etika, multikulturalnost i inkluzivna praksa, kritički strukturalni pristup, integracija teorije u praksi i kritičko mišljenje, međusektorska suradnja i makropristup te vodstvo i funkcioniranje u organizaciji. U prikazanoj istraživačkoj praksi mjerenje kompetencija uglavnom se radi pristupom samoprocjene i procjene samoefikasnosti, a manje su zastupljena mjerenja temeljena na promatranju opažača. Bez obzira na način mjerenja, predlaže se da se okvir kompetencija i mjerni instrumenti posebno razviju poštujući specifičnosti nacionalnog konteksta. U radu se prikazuju
THE EFFICIENCY OF GENERAL SOCIAL ASSISTANCE BENEFITS AND THE ROLE OF SOCIAL WELFARE CENTERS IN COMBATING POVERTY The social work profession is rooted in combating poverty and the fight for human rights. Social welfare centers represent a key institution in that area, particularly the cash benefits departments in which social workers daily work with the poorest members of society. The system of social assistance benefits in Croatia includes the general and categorical social assistance programs. This paper is focused on general assistance programs, guaranteed minimum benefit and one-time allowance. The aforementioned rights are regulated by the Social Welfare Act which has been amended six times since 2011, thus bringing novelties to the area of realization of the right to general social assistance benefits. The paper presents the most important changes and provides an overview of their practical applicability. It also provides guidelines for improving efficiency of the two most important cash benefits with regard to the amount of the benefits and their targeting, efficiency with regard to beneficiary groups including children and retired persons and work activation of young persons (and) beneficiaries who are capable for work. Considering the crucial role of social workers in the deciding on the recognition of the right to benefits, special attention was paid to a critical overview the role of social workers n the cash benefits departments.
SOURCES OF PROFESSIONAL STRESS AND NEEDS IN PROTECTION FROM PROFESSIONAL STRESS OF SOCIAL WELFARE CENTRE ZAGREB PROFESSIONALS ABSTRACT Social Welfare Centre is a key institution in the social welfare system and professional helpers employed in it are daily exposed to professional stress. Although research practice dealing with professional stress and mental health of helpers started in the beginning of the 1990s, there is still a lack of qualitative research in this area. Therefore, a qualitative research study was conducted with the aim of describing the sources of professional stress and the needs in protection from professional stress of Social Welfare Centre Zagreb professionals. 11 focus groups were conducted, one for each branch of the Centre, and the total of 85 professionals employed by the Social Welfare Centre Zagreb participated in them. The results identified five sources of professional stress: characteristics of work with clients, working conditions, work organization, interdepartmental co-operation and co-operation with other branches, and co-operation with other institutions. Additionally, three areas of needs in protection from professional stress were identified: the need to improve material and technical working conditions, the need to improve material and safety position and the need for support. The research contributed to the identification of the sources of professional stress and pointed to the weakest links in the operation of social welfare centres on the example of the largest Croatian centre. Therefore, in order to better understand the stressful nature of the job and the needs of professionals employed in social welfare centres, the recommendation is to conduct more qualitative research studies in the future and to encourage usage of the results for positive changes in the practice. Key words: professional stress; social welfare centre; professional; working needs
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