AR and NAR are diseases associated to anxiety and depression, at least in women.

Background: In our country, the prevalence of latex allergy in health personnel has rarely been studied. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors to self-reported latex allergy in health care workers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,292 health care workers of a second level hospital. All workers were included and they were required to answer a structured questionnaire aimed at identifying latex allergy, atopic personal and family history, exposure to latex gloves and surgical background. Odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) were estimated using regression logistic to investigate factors associated to latex allergy. Results: The female to male ratio was 2.4:1. The men age 38.4 ± 11.6 years. The prevalence of latex allergy auto-reported was 9.7 %, with a confidence interval of 95 % (95 % CI) 8.1 %-11.3 %. There was no statistical difference by workplace (p = 0.508). Factors associated with latex allergy included female gender (OR = 1.68; 95 % CI: 1.03-2.73, p = 0.037), personal history of atopy (OR = 4.82;, p < 0.0001), family history of atopic dermatitis (OR = 4.33, 95 % CI: 1.20-4.41) and history of allergy to fruits (OR = 4.33; 95 % CI: 2.62-7.14, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Up to 10 out to 100 health workers may have latex allergy. The main factors associated with latex allergy in this study were: being a female, personal or familiar atopy and allergy to fruits.

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Objective To assess whether loss of energy and concentration difficulty are related to allergic rhinitis. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting Secondary care allergy outpatients. Participants A total of 100 patients with allergic rhinitis and 96 healthy subjects. Main Outcome Measure: Loss of energy and concentration difficulty were assessed through a survey using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Results The average BDI-II score was higher in the allergic rhinitis population than in the healthy controls (12.8 points vs 1.8 points, P < .0001), and the frequencies of loss of energy (69.0% vs 32.3%) and concentration difficulty (65.0% vs 34.4%) were higher in patients with allergic rhinitis ( P < .0001). The prevalence of depression was 0% in the control group and 38% in the case group ( P < .0001). Allergic rhinitis and depression were independently associated with loss of energy, odds ratio (OR) = 2.55, P = .005, and OR = 9.61, P = .001, respectively, and concentration difficulty (OR = 2.04, P = .033; OR = 6.19, P = .001, respectively). Conclusions This study is one of the first studies in Latin America to report an independent association of allergic rhinitis with loss of energy and concentration difficulty.

Alta prevalencia de sensibilización a alimentos en adultos con enfermedades alérgicas residentes en la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara 1 Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca", Servicio de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. 2 Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. 3 Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Licenciatura en Medicina. Zapopan, Jalisco, México. 4 Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca", Servicio de Medicina Interna. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. AbstractBackground: The prevalence of food sensitization in adults shows differences owing to geographic, regional and cultural circumstances. Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with food sensitization in adults with allergic diseases. Methods: Cross-sectional study, where medical records of adult patients with any allergic disease and who tested positive to airborne allergens on at least one skin test were reviewed. Age, sex, underlying allergic disease and skin test result were recorded. Statistical analyses included food sensitization prevalence with the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI), as well as a multivariate analysis to determine associated factors. Results: We included 258 patients with a mean of 36 years of age; 75 % were of the female sex. The most common underlying condition was allergic rhinitis (59 %). The prevalence of food sensitization was 37 % (95 % CI, 31.5-43.3) and it did not vary significantly according to sex or allergic disease in question. The most sensitizing food was soybeans (44.8 %), and associated factors were sensitization to cat dander (OR = 1.8; 95 % CI, 1.03-3.2) and 5 or more positive skin tests (OR = 4.3, 95 % CI 2.3-8.1). Conclusions: The prevalence of food sensitization in people with allergic disease was 40 %. Further studies are required to determine its prevalence in the general population.

Background: It has recently been argued that asthma does not increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. If so, the prevalence of asthma in subjects diagnosed with COVID-19 should be lower than in the general population. Objective: To determine the prevalence of asthma in Mexican children and adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Methods: A public database of the Epidemiological Surveillance System for Viral Respiratory Disease in Mexico was analyzed. Those who underwent the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-SARS-CoV-2 (rtRT-PCR-SARS-CoV-2) test from February 27 to June 21, 2020, were included. In addition to the prevalence of asthma, some factors associated with it were investigated. Results: Data from 417,366 subjects were analyzed. Asthma prevalence in children, adults, and global were 3.7%, 3.3%, and 3.3%, respectively. Although the asthma prevalence was lower in SARS-CoV-2 positive over negative patients, significant differences were only found in adults (2.8% vs. 3.7% respectively; odds ratio (OR) = 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71–0.77); but not in children (3.5% vs. 3.8%, respectively; OR = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.76–1.10). Multivariate analysis showed in younger than 18 years that girls and immunosuppression were factors associated with a decrease in the odds to develop asthma. In adults, asthma was positively associated with females, obesity, smoking, immunosuppression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arterial hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.

Antecedentes: Los adolescentes tardíos con asma pocas veces son investigados, dado que generalmente no se incluyen en los grupos de niños ni adultos, además, en México, los estudios que evalúan la tendencia del asma son escasos y sus resultados pudieran diferir de los hallazgos en los países desarrolladosObjetivo: Determinar la tendencia de la prevalencia del asma y sus síntomas en adolescentes tardíos en un periodo de siete años.Métodos: Se compararon las prevalencias de asma y sus síntomas de dos cortes transversales con base poblacional, uno en 2009 y otro en 2016.Resultados: La presencia de sibilancias alguna vez en la vida y durante el año previo se incrementó significativamente entre 2009 y 2016 (12.8 % versus 20.1 % y 7.3 % versus 10.3 %; p < 0.0001 y 0.002, respectivamente). La prevalencia del asma pasó de 7.8 % en 2009 a 12.7 % en 2016 (p < 0.0001). Adicionalmente, las prevalencias de rinitis alérgica (4.5 % versus 9.0 %) y dermatitis atópica (3.8 % versus 5.2 %) también sufrieron incrementos notorios (p < 0.0001 y 0.051 respectivamente).Conclusión: La prevalencia de asma y algunos de sus síntomas en adolescentes tardíos se incrementaron sustancialmente en los siete años previos.

Background: Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with various chronic diseases such as infections, autoimmune diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer and asthma Objective: The objective at hand is to determine the prevalence of vitamin D (VD) insufficiency and deficiency in adults with allergic asthma. Methods: Through a cross-sectional study, we analyzed corresponding data amongst 135 patients. VD concentration was categorized as sufficient (≥ 30 ng/mL), insufficient (21-29 ng/mL), and deficient (≤ 20 ng/mL). The level of VD deficiency was measured through chemo-luminescence. We estimated the prevalence of VD alterations and their respective confidence intervals at 95 % (CI 95 %). Results: Within the analyzed population, there were 99/135 women (73.3 %); the mean age was 34.5 ± 10.3 years. The mean concentration of VD was 17.9 ± 6.9 ng/mL and the median was 17 ng/mL. The prevalence of VD insufficiency and deficiency was 25.2 % (CI 95 %, 18.6-33.2 %) and 71.1 % (CI 95 %, 62.9-78.1 %), respectively; VD concentrations ≤ 10 ng/mL had 13.3 % (CI 95 %, 8.5-20.2 %) and ≥ 30 ng/mL at 3.7 % (CI 95 %: 1.4-8.6 %). When we contrasted the men to the women, the median concentration of VD did not differ significantly (16 ng/mL vs. 18 ng/mL, p = 0.71). Conclusions: In this study, patients with allergic asthma had distinctively reduced VD concentration levels; future research will determine if and how VD affects the severity of asthma.