The research was carried out on the Property “El Cartan” that is located in Km 4 way at Puebloviejo-Ventanas, county of Los Ríos. A test was conducted on the hybrid corn DK-1040. This test measures the response of the larvae of insects Spodoptera frugiperda and Elasmopalpus lignosellus to the application of dose of biological and organic insecticides. Also, the most appropriate dose in products was determined with an economic analysis. The experimental design used was random complete blocks with seven treatments and three replicates. The variables evaluated are: percentage of larvae control, number of larvae per plant, corn damage, and yield for hectare. The evaluated variables were subjected to the analysis of variance, and Tukey test was applied to 95 % probability. The analyzed results were determined to apply Neem (Azadirachtina indica) in dose of 1,0 L ha -1 . It diminishes the populations of S. frugiperda and E. lignosellus in relationship to the other active matters applied in the test. Higher doses lead to migration of pests to nearby hosts. The highest yield per hectare was found in the Neem 1.0 L ha-1 treatment with 8,940 kg ha-1.
El presente trabajo pretende mostrar la utilidad del índice de vegetación diferencia normalizada para realizar trabajos de agricultura de precisión, así como de los sistemas de información geográfica al tratar estas imágenes. El índice de vegetación diferencia normalizada, IVDN o NDVI, es una variable que permite estimar el desarrollo de una vegetación sobre la base de la medición, con sensores remotos, de la intensidad de la radiación de ciertas bandas del espectro electromagnético que la misma emite o refleja. Aplicado a las comunidades de plantas, el índice arroja valores de intensidad del verdor de la zona, y da cuenta de la cantidad de vegetación presente en una superficie y su estado de salud o vigor vegetativo.
En Ecuador, el arroz es uno de los cereales más importantes en la alimentación de muchas familias, al mismo tiempo, un recurso de importancia económica, social y ambiental. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar los sistemas de producción de arroz en el cantón Babahoyo, la información se obtuvo mediante encuestas a 21 variables que incluyó preguntas orientadas a obtener información sociocultural, económica y ecológica. Se utilizó como técnicas de recolección de datos, la encuesta, entrevistas, talleres, y observaciones directas en campo. El estudio se basó en un análisis de conglomerado, se definieron tres grupos, el más grande reúne agricultores con 53,70%, uno mediano con un 27,78% y uno pequeño de 18,51%, resaltando variables importantes en los grupos como un sistema de producción de monocultivo, la aplicación de medias y altas dosis de fertilizantes y pesticidas, lo que refleja problemas en la cosecha por los precios bajos y por la cadena de intermediarios al comercializar sus productos.
The investigation evaluated the effect of fertilizers potásicos with fosfitos on the yield of grain of hard corn (Zea mays L.), in the Property "Santiago", located in the Km 26 way Babahoyo-San Juan, county of Los Ríos. A rehearsal settled down in the hybrid corn DK-7088, measuring the answer from the corn to the application of fertilizers potasic and fhosphite, to determine the dose with more effect on the production. 19 treatments were proven with Chloride of potassium, Sulfate of potassium and Nitrate of potassium, with fhosphite of Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium, more a witness without applications. The used experimental design was complete Blocks at random in three repetitions, the evaluated variables were subjected to the variancia analysis, and the test was applied from Tukey to 95% of probability. The evaluated parameters were: plant height, days to flowering, longitude and ear diameter and yield for hectare. Found increases in grain yield with three treatments, highlighting the treatment with the application of muriate of potash in conjunction with Calcium phosphide (9451,65 kg ha-1 ). The results indicate the possibility of increases of more than 49% in relation to the witness (6339 kg ha-1 ) where there was applied the treatments.
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