AbstractObjectivesTo study the efficacy and influence on metabolism of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment in short children born small for gestational age (SGA).MethodsRetrospective, observational, multicenter study in 305 short children born SGA, treated with rhGH during a mean ± SD of 5.03 ± 1.73 years at a mean ± SD dose of 37 ± 8 μg/kg/day. Auxological and metabolic assessment including glucose and lipids profile were collected.ResultsMean ± SD age at the start of treatment was 7.11 ± 2.78 years. Height and weight improved significantly until the end of treatment from mean −2.72 (CI95%: −2.81 to −2.63) standard deviation score (SDS) to −1.16 (CI95%: −1.44 to −0.88) SDS and from −1.62 (CI95%: −1.69 to −1.55) SDS to −0.94 (CI95%: −1.14 to −0.74) SDS respectively. Mean height gain was 1.27 (CI95%: 0.99–1.54) SDS. Prepubertal patients showed higher height gain than pubertal children (mean [CI95%] = 1.44 [CI95%: 1.14–1.74] vs. 0.73 [CI95%: 0.22–1.24], p=0.02). Height gain SDS during treatment negatively correlated with chronological age (CA) and bone age (BA) delay and positively correlated with duration of treatment, height gain during first year of treatment, years on prepubertal treatment and height SDS from target height (TH). Glucose, insulin, and triglycerides increased significantly but remained within the normal range. Total and LDL-cholesterol decreased significantly, and HDL-cholesterol remained unchanged.ConclusionsrhGH treatment in short SGA children effectively normalized height in most of the patients and showed a safe metabolic profile. Children who benefit the most are those with greater height SDS distance from TH, BA delay, longer duration of treatment and prepubertal treatment initiation.

On the basis of a comparative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, our aim was to determine differential traits of adolescent offenders with respect to personality traits, feelings of guilt, level of anger, and coping strategies. 128 adolescent residents of Barcelona (86 high school students and 42 young inmates aged between 16 and 18 years) replied to a variety of questionnaires (SC-35, EPQ-R, STAXI, ACS). Significant differences between the two groups were found. Young offenders present higher levels of guilt feelings, neuroticism, psychoticism, and trait anger. They also tend to repress their anger or, on the contrary, express it verbally and physically and use passive or avoidance coping strategies. Education and psychological therapy focussed on guilt may contribute to reduce recidivism.

IntroductionAn initial Phase III clinical trial has evaluated the efficacy and safety of biosimilar recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH; Omnitrope®, Sandoz) in Spanish children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). At the end of the study, those patients still growing were offered to remain on treatment (as in usual clinical practice), and continued to be monitored. The aim of this study was to determine the adult height achieved by the Spanish children who participated in the initial Phase III clinical trial, and to evaluate the long-term safety of rhGH treatment.MethodsThis study was a multicenter, observational, retrospective follow-up study of patients who participated in the Phase III clinical trial (70 patients recruited). Auxological parameters [including height, height velocity, and their associated height standard deviation scores (HSDS)] were obtained from 39 patients. Safety was assessed by recording any adverse events (AEs).ResultsIn total, 27 men and 12 women provided auxological data. At the start of the follow-up study, the mean age of the patients was 12.5 ± 2.7 years, mean height was 144.8 ± 13.9 cm and mean HSDS was −1.16 ± 0.63. By the end of the follow-up period, mean height had increased to 163.1 ± 7.6 cm (n = 36; men 165.5 ± 7.8 cm, women 157.6 ± 3.2 cm) and mean HSDS also increased to −1.01 ± 0.59 (n = 36; men −1.07 ± 0.52, women −0.86 ± 0.72). In terms of safety, no treatment-related AEs were reported during the study.ConclusionThis cohort of Spanish patients with GHD showed a positive response to rhGH treatment, achieving adult height within the local normal ranges. In addition, rhGH treatment was well tolerated, with no new or additional safety concerns.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12325-015-0181-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

RESUMENEl carcinoma de tiroides es un tumor infrecuente; constituye menos del 1% de las neoplasias malignas en la población general y el 0,5%-3% en la edad pediátrica. Existen cuatro tipos: papilar (80%-90% de los casos), folicular (5%-10%), medular (5%) y anaplásico (2%-3%). En el tipo medular, el 80% son esporádicos, y un 20% se asocia a un síndrome hereditario que se divide, fundamentalmente, en tres grupos: neoplasia endócrina múltiple 1, neoplasia endócrina múltiple 2 y carcinoma medular de tiroides familiar. Las formas hereditarias se producen por una mutación en el protooncogén RET, localizado en el brazo largo del cromosoma 10. Se presenta un caso de carcinoma medular de tiroides detectado a raíz de un estudio genético familiar con el propósito de resaltar la importancia del diagnóstico precoz y la intervención de equipos multidisciplinares expertos en esta patología para su manejo y seguimiento. Palabras clave: cáncer medular de tiroides, técnicas genéticas, diagnóstico precoz, grupo de salud interdisciplinario. ABSTRACTThyroid cancer is an uncommon type of cancer, accounting less than 1% of all cancers in adults, and 0.5-3% of all cancers in children. There are four different types: papillary carcinoma (80-90% of cases), follicular (5-10%), medullary (5%) and anaplastic cell (2-3%). Eighty per cent of cases of medullary thyroid cancer are sporadic, but 20% are associated with an inherited syndrome that is divided into three groups: multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma. The inherited forms are caused by a disruption in the RET oncogene, which is located in the long arm of chromosome 10. A hereditary case of medullary thyroid carcinoma is presented. It was detected because of a familial genetic study. The purpose of the paper is emphasize the importance of the early diagnosis and the intervention of multidisciplinary teams of experts. Estudio de carcinoma medular de tiroides a partir de un caso índice Study of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma from a proband INTRODUCCIÓNEl carcinoma medular de tiroides (CMT) se origina en las células parafoliculares (células C) de la tiroides y es responsable del 2% de las neoplasias tiroideas malignas en la edad pediátrica. Se produce por una mutación en el protooncogén RET, localizado en el brazo largo del cromosoma 10, locus q11.2. Las formas hereditarias se dividen en neoplasia endócrina múltiple 1, neoplasia endócrina múltiple 2 y CMT familiar (CMTF).1 En los casos familiares, está relacionado con mutaciones en la línea germinal y, por tanto, puede ser transmitido a lo largo de sucesivas generaciones.Una vez que el caso índice es diagnosticado en una familia, es de suma importancia identificar la mutación concreta del gen RET y estudiar a todos los miembros de la familia, puesto que la tiroidectomía previa a la diseminación del carcinoma es, actualmente, la mejor opción terapéutica. 2 CASO CLÍNICOSe presenta el caso de una paciente de 2 años remitida a la consulta de Endocrinología Pediátrica pa...