Pasien yang menggunakan alat ortodonti cekat harus dapat menjaga kebersihan rongga mulutnya untuk menghindari timbulnya karies dan gingivitis marginalis. Sikat gigi merupakan salah satu alat untuk membersihkan plak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dua tipe sikat gigi terhadap penurunan Indeks Plak (IP) dengan teknik penyikatan horizontal, vertikal, dan roll. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental pre dan post test. Sebanyak 65 orang subjek penelitian memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Subjek penelitian dibagi dua kelompok yang dipilih secara acak, kelompok pertama berjumlah 30 orang diberi sikat gigi ortodonti dan kelompok kedua berjumlah 35 orang diberi sikat gigi konvensional. Penilaian IP dilakukan dua kali sebelum dan sesudah sikat gigi. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 22 dengan uji Independent T-Test. Rerata penurunan IP dengan sikat gigi khusus ortodontik 0,5110 (±0,39896) sedangkan sikat gigi konvensional mencapai 0,7774 (±0,39391), p=0,09 (p>0,05) menandakan perbedaan penurunan IP pada kedua kelompok tidak signifikan. Simpulan, penggunaan sikat gigi konvensional dengan tipe bulu sikat rata, halus, dan tapered memiliki efektivitas yang sama dengan sikat gigi khusus ortodontik dalam penurunan IP, dengan menggunakan teknik horizontal, vertikal, dan roll. Kata kunci: sikat gigi khusus ortodontik, sikat gigi konvensional, indeks plak.
Gigi molar pertama permanen (M1) merupakan kunci oklusi dan panduan untuk pertumbuhan gigi yang lainnya. Hilangnya gigi M1 terlalu dini dapat berdampak langsung dan menyebabkan maloklusi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat kerusakan gigi M1 rahang atas dan bawah pada anak usia 7 sampai 12 tahun. Pemeriksaan dilakukan pada 115 anak dengan 460 gigi M1 rahang atas dan bawah. Hasil: ditemukan karies pada 66 anak (57,4%), terdiri dari laki-laki 36 orang (54,5%) dan perempuan 30 orang (45,5%). Karies paling banyak pada kelompok umur 9 tahun (76,9%). Pada pemeriksaan 460 gigi M1, 142 gigi M1 (30,9%) mengalami karies, dari 142 gigi M1 tingkat kedalaman superfisialis (47,2%), media (24,6%), dan profunda (28,2%). Gigi yang paling banyak terkena karies adalah M1 kiri bawah (35,9%). Penanganan karies dengan restorasi (74,6%), perawatan saluran akar (11,3%) dan ekstraksi (14,1%). Simpulan: Kerusakan gigi M1 masih tinggi dan sudah ditemukan pada usia 7 tahun, terdapat peningkatan level karies seiring bertambahnya usia, karies lebih banyak ditemukan pada rahang bawah, dan tidak ada pengaruhnya dengan jenis kelamin.
Hypertension is a systemic disorder which included as one of the disease with highest prevalence in the world, particularly in Indonesia. One problem that is commonly faced by hypertension patients is administration of local anesthetic containing epinephrine 1:80.000 that needs to be given before undergoing tooth extraction procedure in primary health care setting. Administration of anesthetics is risky because it can cause sudden blood pressure increase that may cause complications. This study aims to observe the increased of blood pressure after being given local anesthetic containing epinephrine 1:80.000. This is a descriptive quantitative study conducted in April-August 2017 in Puskesmas Jatinangor. Blood pressure data is primary data, acquired from normotension and prehypertension patients aged 18-50 year who undergoes tooth extraction procedure. Blood pressure were measured before and after given local anesthetic. Result showed that there were increase in mean systolic blood pressure as much as 3.43 mmHg. Increase in systolic blood pressure occurs from the effect of epinephrine that causes constriction of the blood vessels. It is concluded that administration of local anesthetic containing epinephrine 1:80.000 before tooth extraction procedure is relatively safe and can be considered to be used in pre-hypertension patients, but not in higher hypertension stages.
Cleft lip with or without cleft palate is a congenital anomalies condition when a baby’s lips and/or mouth do not form properly during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to find out the incidence of cleft lip patients with or without cleft palate registered to Yayasan Pembina Penderita Celah Bibir dan Langit-Langit (YPPCBL) Bandung, West Java in 2016-2019 based on the form of sex, age at the registry, cleft type, and area. This study was retrospective descriptive. Data were collected through the medical records periods of 2016-2019 and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS 25th. There were 933 data included in the inclusion criteria. The number of patients was at most in 2018, as many as 283 people. The most common patient is male (58,1%), the most common cleft type is left unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (18,4%), the most common patient aged 0-1 year (53,2%), the most of patients was from West Java (92,5%). In conclusion, the incidence of cleft lip with or without cleft palate in 2016-2019 tends to fluctuate with the male sex being the most. Most patient came with the best age standard for cleft management and came from West Java with left unilateral complete cleft lip and palate. Keywords: cleft lip; cleft palate; cleft lip and palate; incidence
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