Hepatitis B markers were determined in 397 individuals from Niterói and 680 from Nova Iguaçu and prevalences of 9.1% (1.0% of HBsAg and 8.1% of anti HBs) and 11.1% (1.8% of HBsAg and 9.3% of antiHBs) were found, respectively. The comparative prevalence of both markers in relation to age showed a higher prevalence of HBsAg in the group 21-50 years old. Considering the antiHBs antibody, it was demostrated a gradual increase with age, reaching 14.9% in Niterói and 29.1% in Nova Iguaçu in individuals over 51 years old. For hepatitis A, in 259 samples from Niterói, equally distributed by age groups, an overall prevalence of 74.5% of anti-HAV antibodies was found. This prevalence increases gradually reaching 90.0% at age over thirty. In 254 samples from Nova Iguaçu analysed, a prevalence of 90.5% of antibodies was encountered when the same criteria of distribution of samples were used. This level of prevalence reached 90.0% already in the age over ten years old. The tests were performed by enzyme immunoassay with reagents prepared in our laboratory.
A previous seroepidemiological study in the rural zone of Vargem Alta (ES) SouthEast of Brazil, showed a prevalence of up to 9% of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in some areas. One hundred susceptible children aging 1 to 5 years old were selected and immunized with a recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine (Smith-Kline 20 mcg) using the 0-1-6 months vaccination schedule. Blood samples were collected at the time of the first vaccine dose (month 0) in order to confirm susceptible individuals and 1,3,6 and 8 months after the first dose , to evaluate the antibody response. Our results showed that two and five months after the second dose, 79% and 88% of children seroconverted respectively, reaching 97% after the third dose. The levels of anti-HBs were calculated in milli International Units/ml (mIU/ml) and demonstrated the markedly increase of protective levels of antibodies after the third dose. These data showed a good immunogenicity of the DNA recombinant hepatitis B vaccine when administered in children of endemic areas.
Background
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the cause of a zoonotic disease, which has only humans and non‐humans primates as its natural hosts.
Methods
The seroprevalence of antibodies anti‐HAV in wild and captive neotropical primates were investigated.
Results
4.9% (18/369) were positive for antibodies anti‐HAV, in captivity.
Conclusion
Implications for health managements are discussed.
Introduction:The Institute of Technology in Immunobiology Bio-Manguinhos has been developing a kit of immunophenotyping to quantify CD4 + and CD8 + lymphocytes levels on HIV serum positive patients by flow cytometry. Currently, this kit consists of monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD8 and anti-CD45) produced in mice by the Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM) in Cuba. Aiming to improve the antibodies production by application of the 3R`s rule (Reduction the number of animals, Refinement of production conditions and Replacement of in vivo assays), bioreactor production has been employed through scientific cooperation between CIM and Bio-Manguinhos.
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