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The changes in annual and seasonal extreme precipitation indices over the East Herzegovina region (Bosnia and Herzegovina) were examined. The data on daily precipitation during the period 1961-2016 from 13 meteorological stations were used for the calculation of 12 extreme precipitation indices recommended by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices for the climate change assessment. The results show a downward trend in the precipitation on wet days (PRCPTOT) and in the frequency of days with precipitation (R0.1mm, R1mm, R10mm, and R20mm), whereas the duration of dry spells increases (CDD) over the entire East Herzegovina region. The trends that indicate increasing dryness are particularly pronounced and significant in the summer season. Although the total precipitation decreases, the upward trends in heavy precipitation events such as RX1day, RX5day, SDII, and R95p indicate changes towards more intense precipitation (particularly pronounced since the beginning of the 21st century). Precipitation variability was strongly dictated by the largescale atmospheric circulations-the North Atlantic Oscillation, the East Atlantic/West Russia pattern and the Arctic Oscillation, especially during the winter season-the significant negative correlation was determined for the majority of extreme precipitation indices.

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A comprehensive analysis of phenological timing and growth intervals for eight red and thirteen white wine grape cultivars in the region of Sremski Karlovci was performed using a long-term (1986-2011) data set. Four phenological stages of grapevine were examined: beginning of budburst, beginning of flowering, beginning of veraison and harvest. The phenological stages studied exhibited a 30 to 51 day variation between the earliest and latest years for red cultivars and 29 to 49 day variation for white cultivars. The beginning of flowering exhibited the least, while harvest showed the highest inter-annual variation. The difference between red and white cultivars was the greatest for harvest - the mean harvest date averaged over all red cultivars was 24 September and over all white cultivars 14 September. The beginning of flowering to the beginning of veraison interval showed the smallest and budburst to harvest interval the greatest year-toyear variability. The beginning of budburst to harvest period for the cultivars examined averaged 165 days for red and 156 days for white cultivars, with the mean interval range of 58 days for red and 55 days for white cultivars. In addition, it was found that a variability of the onset and duration of phenological phases was greater between years for a single cultivar than among cultivars within individual years, meaning that climatic factors are more important than genetic characteristics of cultivars for phenological timing. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Studying climate change and its influence on the environment: impacts, adaptation and mitigation