BACKGROUND Papillary carcinoma is a frequently reported thyroid malignancy. Diagnosis is based on the microscopic architecture and the characteristic nuclear features such as nuclear clearing, grooves and pseudo inclusions which can be seen on routine haematoxylin and eosin stained sections. Many morphological variants of this entity have been reported in the literature, classical papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) being the most common variant. Follicular, solid, tall cell, columnar etc., are the other variants. Some of these variants cause diagnostic difficulties on histopathological examination and also they have varied prognostic implications. METHODS This is a retrospective descriptive study which included 44 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed on histopathology over a period of 3 years. RESULTS Classical PTC was the most common variant (52.3%), followed by papillary micro carcinoma (13.6%), follicular variant (11.4%), mixed type that had features of both papillary and follicular (9.1%), tall cell and solid variants (4.5% each); and encapsulated, Warthin-like variants (2.3% each). Associated Hashimoto's thyroiditis was seen in 20.4% cases (n=9/44). CONCLUSIONS Papillary thyroid carcinomas showed a female sex predilection. Though seen within a wide age range, they were more common in the third decade. Classical papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most common variant followed by micro papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma. Rare variants found in the study were tall cell and Warthin like variants. Nodular goitre and Hashimoto thyroiditis were the common lesions associated with PTC. Histological variations and patterns in papillary thyroid carcinoma have prognostic implications, so it is important to identify and report them whenever present.
Pilomatricoma also known as calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe is a benign tumour arising from the hair matrix cells. This is predominantly seen in children and presents as small subepidermal nodules most commonly in head and neck regions. Trunk and lower extremities are rarely involved. We report a case of perforating pilomatricoma of breast in a 60years old male, clinically mimicking breast carcinoma
Introduction: Solitary Thyroid nodules (STNs) can be of both non-neoplastic or neoplastic in nature and it is difficult to assess whether an STN is neoplastic or non-neoplastic by clinical examination alone. Imaging technique may help in differentiating them preoperatively but histological examination offers the final diagnosis. This study was aimed at studying the incidence rates of various types of STNs as it varies from one geographical area to another. Material and methods: A total of 58 cases of STNs received over the period of 18 months were studied and histopathological features were analysed. Results: In this study, non-neoplastic STNs were 32 (55.17%) and neoplastic were 26 (44.82%), the former being more common. There was a female preponderance in both nonneoplastic and neoplastic STNs with an incidence of 90.62% and 84.61% respectively. Mean age of presentation of STNs was 42.09 years. Non-neoplastic lesions of thyroid were; 18 cases of colloid nodules, 10 cases of hyperplastic nodular goitre, 04 cases of Hashimoto Thyroiditis and the neoplastic lesions were; 05 cases of follicular adenoma, 11 cases of typical/conventional papillary carcinoma of thyroid (PTC), 6 cases of papillary carcinoma thyroid variants, 01 case of follicular carcinoma 01 case of Undifferentiated carcinoma, 01 case of Squamous cell carcinoma and 01 case of medullary carcinoma. Conclusion: STNs are not so uncommon and comprise of a gamut of both non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Colloid nodule and PTC are the most common of non-neoplastic and neoplastic STNs respectively.
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