This study identified applicable criteria and indicators for the evaluation of the sustainability of mangrove forest management systems by the local community in Tagpait, Aborlan, and Bacungan, Puerto Princesa City, through FGDs. Then, this study formulated verifiers for each applicable indicator through the rating scale through FGDs and KIIs. The formulated verifiers will be used to evaluate the sustainability of mangrove management systems. Also, this study analyzed the relationship between socio-economic characteristics (age, gender, livelihood, income, educational attainment, and the number of years living in the community) and level of awareness and perception on the importance on applicable criteria and indicators. The results show that there were seven applicable criteria and 35 indicators used. The verifiers for each applicable indicator was formulated and can be utilized for the evaluation of the sustainability of mangrove management system. In Bacungan, the number of years living in the community has a highly significant relationship to the level of awareness (p value=0.008) and perception on the importance of applicable criteria and indicators (p-value=0.001). In Tagpait, educational attainment and level of awareness have a highly significant relationship (0.003).
Mangroves support several forms of life, including terrestrial animals, marine animals and humans by providing direct benefits like a source of food and indirect benefits like a buffer against disasters and coastal protection. Community-based mangrove rehabilitation strengthening the benefits that can be availed by the community from mangrove forests for their well-being. This study mainly aimed to evaluate the Community-based Mangrove Rehabilitation in Quilitisan, Calatagan Mangrove Park- Marine Protected Area, Batangas. Specifically, described the progress of mangrove rehabilitation, assessed the major issues and concerns in Mangrove Rehabilitation, identified the best practices and strategies in Mangrove Rehabilitation, and identified the key considerations in mangrove rehabilitation in terms of policy and institution, scientific and ecological preferences, participatory approaches. This study utilized qualitative criteria which answered using Key Informant Interviews (KII). Results stated that through the cooperation of government agencies, non-government organizations and the local community through people’s organization (PO), PALITAKAN (Pro Mangrove Alliance Implementing Team as Arm Quilitisan Advocate of Nature), the mangroves planted to rehabilitate the area and survived after seven years with 80% survival rate. The community is currently getting natural resources for both household and commercial uses and uses the area for ecotourism activities. However, the PO faces issues and concerns with regard to management. In addition, there are some best practices in planting, monitoring, management and livelihood activities and some key considerations in rehabilitation in terms of policy and institution, scientific and ecological preferences, participatory approaches.
Corn, also known as maize, is one of the most important agricultural products produced by countries worldwide. Production of this crop is highly affected by climate change, especially if the water demand is not reach. With this, a rainfall-based index for crop insurance is an instrument to help farmers lower their risks in planting. The main objective of this study was to develop a rainfall-based index for corn crop insurance. Specifically, this study identified the threshold values for the index and estimated the probability of corn crop failure in the province of Isabela, Philippines. This study utilized Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test, and Anderson-Darling Goodness of Fit Test to determine the probability distribution that best fits the data through Easyfit software and StatAssist, a built-in software in Easyfit to evaluate the probability of corn crop failure. The probability of crop failure for each stage of corn growth was obtained and based from the results, low-risk planting periods were found be: May to November for early crop growth stage, April and June to September for rapid crop growth stage, May to August for reproductive stage, and April to July for maturity stage. High-risk planting periods were found to be: January to March for early crop growth stage, January to March, May, November and December for rapid crop growth stage, January, February and October to December for the reproductive stage, and January, September to December for maturity stage.
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