In small cell wireless networks, fast and precise vertical handover decision making algorithms are needed to minimize the handover failures and unnecessary handovers, especially in high-speed scenario. In small cell wireless networks such as WLAN and 5G, shorter traveling time is anticipated for a fast-moving user traversing the cell coverage. This results in frequent handovers. It leads to poor user experience and wastage of network resources. To overcome this problem, this paper proposed a new handover decision making algorithm that integrates the traveling distance prediction technique with the bandwidth based handover algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has successfully reduced the number of unnecessary handovers and handover failure in small cell wireless networks.
The evolution of 5G small cell networks has led to the advancement of vertical handover decision-making algorithms. A mobile terminal (MT) tends to move from one place to another and, as the 5G network coverage is small, user network access will change frequently and lead to a high probability of unnecessary handover, which is a waste of network resources and causes degradation of service quality. This paper aims to reduce the number of unnecessary handovers in 5G heterogeneous networks by proposing a handover decision-making algorithm that integrates the dwelling time prediction technique and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The proposed algorithm reduces the number of unnecessary handovers by estimating the connection time to a small cell network using the dwell time prediction technique. The TOPSIS evaluates the network quality and chooses the best network based on user preference. The result shows that the proposed handover algorithm reduces the number of unnecessary handovers to small cell networks in high-speed scenarios. It also saves the network connection cost by up to 27.51% compared with the TOPSIS-based handover algorithm. As for throughput achievement, the proposed algorithm yields an improvement of 5.12%. The proposed algorithm significantly reduces the number of unnecessary handovers in the high-speed scenario while fulfilling user preferences.
The wireless networks have been rapidly used in our daily lives, especially mobile wireless networks. An environment consisting of several networks such as WLAN, 4G-LTE, and 5G, is known as a heterogeneous network. Wireless networks are widely used to support various data services such as live video streaming, upload data, download data and cloud service depending upon their capacity and nature. When the mobile terminal is moving, the network availability will be changed. Therefore, the mobile terminal must perform handover from one network to another network in heterogeneous networks to maintain the call and quality of service (QoS). This process is known as Vertical Handover (VHO). A seamless handover is important to provide uninterrupted high quality service while performing the handover. To achieve this, various vertical handover decision making algorithms have been proposed and studied using advanced tools and proven concepts. This paper gives an overview of current research on handover decision making in fifth generation (5G) heterogeneous wireless networks. Keywords—Vertical Handover Decision Making, Heterogeneous Networks, Quality of Service, 5G, Seamless Handover
In this fast-paced technology era, the advancement of telecommunication systems has made many advanced technologies possible. With the help of the 5G technology, more technologies will become a reality and telemedicine is one of them. Numerous studies have shown that the fatal rate of ischemic heart disease cases can be reduced by sending the realtime patient health data from an ambulance to the medical centre so that healthcare professionals can make early preparation and give immediate treatment in the golden hour. 5G technology offers a high data rate and low latency. However, the coverage of 5G is small compared to 4G. It will induce a high number of unnecessary handovers when an ambulance traverses the 5G networks at high speed and lead to degradation of services quality. Therefore, a fast and accurate vertical handover decision-making algorithm is needed to minimize unnecessary handover in high-speed scenarios. This paper proposes a handover algorithm that integrates the Travelling Time Estimation, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) algorithms to reduce unnecessary handover in 5G heterogeneous networks. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has successfully reduced up to 80.3% of handovers compared to FAHP-TOPSIS based handover algorithm in the high-speed scenario. The proposed handover algorithm can improve the quality of telemedicine services in high-speed scenarios.
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