The goal of the article is to identify whether the COVID-19 crisis has had an impact on the company's internal communication -both from leader's and organization member's perspective, that is, to compare the leaders' perceptions of their leadership and communication style on one hand, with the organization members' perceptions of the communication model they use with same-level colleagues and the descriptions of their leaders' philosophy on the other hand. 16 th March 2020 is the turning point that marks the start of the pandemiccommunication before and after this date was analyzed. Two questionnaires (one for leaders and one for organization members) designed by the authors of this case study were administered to these two targeted hierarchical levels in a privately-owned company in North Macedonia. The analysis showed what both groups statedafter the pandemic outbreak face to face meetings were replaced by virtual communication, shorter meetings became more common, leaders were involved by giving feedback, and they led by logos, with the most welcomed difference being in the leadership model: leaders maintained that their leading was by example in both periods, while organization members claimed that after the start of the crisis their leaders' priority was work-life balance.
Noise induced hearing loss NIHL is irreversible sensory neural deafness in one or both ears which develops gradually due to chronic exposure to injurious noise. In this study there were 92 workers chosen under exclusion and inclusion criteria, most of the samples study were male due to hard handling working, 40% of the samples studied were complaining of SNHL (sensory neural hearing loss) are variable from mild to sever one. Although they have normal otoscopic finding, the longer the duration of noise exposure the more damaging effect with SNHL result. There are no preventive measures used in our sample study. NIHL is preventable disease which needs the role of social media in education of peoples.
As the not-so-new-now coronavirus pandemic has affected all walks of life, education has not been an exemption; what is more, it is one of the most severely hit sectors. The unknown crisis created unprecedented circumstances for all participants in the education process, and school leaders have had a double job: to navigate their institutions and to look after their employees. The latter is a pretty delicate task - they have had to keep doing business and running their companies while minding the language since physical distancing necessitated the use of electronic communication, thus making room for vagueness and even misinterpretations. Ten education leaders of primary and secondary schools in North Macedonia have been video-interviewed on everyday COVID-19-related situations from their workplace context. Discourse completion tasks (DCTs) have been employed as a data elicitation method. Being given the open-ended, only topically specified scenarios, the respondents are asked to recreate their language reaction to situations that have happened in their newest pandemic work life. The interviews have been transcribed, and the leaders’ language choices have been analyzed. The findings show that, luckily, the leaders have been mindful about their words and have mostly chosen to use positive, calm, and encouraging language. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This study investigated the pragmatic knowledge and competence of the Macedonian learners of English, i.e. Macedonian high school English students' views on and perceptions of pragmatics, their pragmatic competence in the speech act of complimenting, and the language learning strategies employed in the process of acquiring pragmatic knowledge.Although "student-oriented" and "evaluation-oriented", the teaching methods currently used do not sufficiently develop students' communicative competence in the process of English teaching and learning. Many students lack pragmatic knowledge of how to use the foreign language in specific settings and how to interpret certain utterances used by native speakers of the other language.Despite all the efforts made to improve the English language education in Macedonia, yet greater emphasis should be put on students' linguistic and pragmatic competence in the English teaching and learning process. This area is the focus of the current study that analyses the English speech act of complimenting and its use by the Macedonian learners of English.
Since the notions of homonymy, polysemy and zero derivation share some characteristics that make them similar, while they are independent language phenomena that linguistically distinguish from one another; this
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