Introdução: Os homicídios por disparo de arma de fogo representam um problema de saúde pública, visto que constituiu 73% de todos os homicídios ocorridos no Brasil, nos últimos cinco anos, merecendo atenção especial dada a sua relevância estatística. Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal dos homicídios por arma de fogo no Brasil, no período de 1996 a 2019. Material e métodos: Estudo ecológico e descritivo da série temporal dos óbitos decorrentes de agressões por disparo por arma de fogo (CID X93-X95) ocorridos no Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM/DATASUS), referentes ao período de 1996 a 2019, e analisados através da Regressão de Poisson pelo software livre Joinpoint Regression Program. Resultados: Foi observado aumento significativo dos óbitos decorrentes de agressões por disparo de arma de fogo de 1996 a 2002 [APC = 5,2* (3,7 – 6,7) p<0,001], com discreta redução de 2002 a 2007 [APC = -1,9 (-4,2 – 0,4)], tornando a aumentar significativamente de 2007 a 2017 [APC = 2,3* (1,6 – 2,9) p<0,001] e reduzir significativamente de 2017 a 2019 [APC = -17,3* (-23,3 – -10,8) p<0,001]. A alteração do percentual anual médio de 1999 a 2019 foi praticamente nula [AAPC = 0,2 (-0,6 – 1,1)]. Conclusão: Houve elevação considerável dos homicídios por arma de fogo até 2002, fato que possivelmente motivou a implantação do Estatuto do Desarmamento em 2003. No entanto, a redução daquele tipo de crime nos anos subsequentes à nova lei de controle de compra e porte de armas não foi significativa, passando a aumentar novamente de forma considerável de 2007 a 2017. A dinâmica demográfica brasileira, com a diminuição da população jovem na última década, a qualificação das políticas estaduais de segurança pública, acordos entre facções criminosas dominantes nos estados e a piora nos registros sobre mortalidade podem ter sido responsáveis pela redução significativa daqueles homicídios a partir de 2017, requerendo, portanto, estudos mais aprofundados para melhor compreensão desse fato.
Notifications for violence against the elderly have been growing in Brazil since the creation of the Elderly Statute. The purpose of this study is to analyze the temporal trend of violence notifications against the elderly in Brazil. A time series analysis of the main types of violence committed against the elderly in Brazil was performed, using data from SINAN from 2009 to 2019. The results show that the number of notifications of all types of violence against the elderly increased significantly statistics, from 2009 to 2012/2013 for almost all types, and continued to rise until 2019, more discretly, but significantly for physical, psychological, neglect, financial, and repeated violence. Is concluded that the notifications of violence against the elderly have increased significantly, however, it is necessary for society and health professionals to remain alert to identify and report these cases.
Mortality rates by suicide in Brazil have been increasing in the last ten years, and the elderly population constitutes a vulnerable population to this grievance. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the epidemiological profile of suicide in the elderly in Brazil, occurring in the period from 2010 to 2019. This is a descriptive ecological study using data from the Mortality Information System of DATASUS regarding mortality from intentionally self-harm in the elderly population, which were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and presented as raw values and percentages. The data show that 16.7% of the suicides in the period occurred in the elderly population, and 80.4% were men, 48.9% married, 63.1% white, and 54.4% had only up to 7 years of schooling. The main place of occurrence was the home (67.9%). The most prevalent types of injuries were hanging/strangulation/suffocation (65.7%), gunshot (10.5%), and intentional autointoxication (10.1%). It is necessary to adopt preventive measures for this population, according to the risk factors involved, especially in countries where the demographic transition is towards population aging.
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