The article presents assessment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to disinfectants in the focus of the disease according to the results of microbiological examination of the material selected in Altai Regional Tuberculosis Dispensary in 2017-2019. Analysis of the examined mycobacterium resistant to disinfectants was multiple: resistance to disinfectants with different concentration, growth rate, bacterial excretion rate, comparison of the tuberculocidal activity of chloramine in archival and clinical strains with varying degrees of antibiotic resistance. The results indicated: dependence of M. tuberculosis resistance to disinfectants on weak concentration, duration of exposure and low efficiency of some disinfectants against Mycobacterium tuberculosis; higher bacterial excretion rate among resistant M. tuberculosis strains and growth rate among sensitive M. tuberculosis strains.
A comparative assessment of the frequency and massiveness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolation in patients with tuberculosis and patients with combined pathology (HIV infection and tuberculosis) is presented. It was found that the frequency of mycobacteria isolation by PCR and bacteriological methods did not significantly differ from each other, but was significantly higher than with bacterioscopy. The frequency of mycobacteria isolation in patients with combined infections (HIV and tuberculosis) and monoinfection (tuberculosis) was equal. At the same time, patients with combined pathology were significantly less likely to have massive bacterial excretion compared to monoinfection with tuberculosis, and significantly more likely to have poor bacterial excretion. Patients with co-infection with HIV and tuberculosis are less dangerous as sources of tuberculosis infection for others, especially in homes, medical and social organizations. The identified features can be used in the organization of anti-epidemic measures in foci.
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