Positive Youth Development (PYD) addresses the promotion of the health of all adolescents, aiming to enhance their abilities and highlight the positive qualities of this period of development combined with resources from the environment and from signifi cant people. Among these qualities, satisfactory self-effi cacy beliefs are essential for achieving a healthy life, as they constitute resources that promote a positive adaptation to adult life. This narrative review aimed to discuss relationships between selfeffi cacy beliefs and developmental resources in different social domains. Articles were retrieved from the SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CAPES and PsycINFO databases. The search terms 'self-effi cacy' and 'positive youth development' were used, without delimiting the time interval. The scientifi c production was found to be recent, with 19 studies included that associated self-effi cacy and PYD resources. These were predominantly cross-sectional studies, with samples mainly composed of high school students. Among the resources found, academic, physical, career and social support skills were highlighted. Individually, self-effi cacy and academic performance presented more scientifi c productions, however, the association between these variables requires more research. Studies on selfeffi cacy and PYD are highlighted and some horizons for future research are pointed out.
A recurrent problem faced by the pharmaceutical industry when formulating drug products concerns poorly soluble drugs, which, despite having desirable pharmacological activity, present limited bioavailability. Cocrystallization is growing up as a possible approach to tackle this problem. Cocrystals are crystalline materials comprising at least two components, solid at room temperature, and held together by non-covalent bonds. The increasing interest in these compounds is steadily demanding faster, simpler, and more reliable methods for the task of screening new cocrystals. This work aims at comparing the performance of three vibrational spectroscopy techniques (mid infrared, near infrared, and Raman spectroscopy) for cocrystals screening. Presented results are based on hydrochlorothiazide, a poorly soluble drug belonging to class IV of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System. The implemented cocrystal screening procedure tested six coformers (all considered safe for human administration) added according to a drug:coformer ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 and seven solvents with different polarity. The screening method chosen was based on slurry cocrystallization performed by sonication (ultrasound assisted) in a 96-well plate. Results show that all evaluated vibrational spectroscopy techniques provided important information regarding cocrystal formation, including information on the groups involved in the cocrystallization and purity, and can be used for the screening task.
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