ResumoA expectativa de sobrevida da população idosa tem aumentado nos últimos anos, podendo o processo de envelhecimento ser acompanhado por declínio das capacidades funcionais, físicas e cognitivas dos idosos. Dentro da função cognitiva, a memória apresenta-se como uma das suas principais queixas. Os objetivos do estudo foram analisar a memória declarativa, a capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida de idosos ativos e insuficientemente ativos, a fim de observar se a atividade física interfere positivamente nestas variáveis. Trata-se de estudo transversal, do qual fizeram parte dois grupos de comparação, idosos ativos (G1) e insuficientemente ativos (G2), com idade acima de 60 anos, residentes no município de Santa Maria-RS. A avaliação foi composta pelos seguintes instrumentos: Teste de Memória Emocional, Índice de Katz e Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida: SF-36. Como resultados, foi encontrado que os idosos do grupo G1 apresentaram melhores escores tanto na memória como na qualidade de vida quando comparados aos do grupo G2. Já no quesito capacidade funcional para atividades básicas de vida diária, avaliado pelo Índice de Katz, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos, mas quando observados os resultados da variável capacidade funcional avaliado pelo SF-36, o G1 apresentou melhores resultados com diferença estatisticamente significativa quando comparado ao G2. Devido à importância da atividade física no retardo dos declínios decorrentes do envelhecimento, torna-se necessário criar estratégias para a participação dos idosos em grupos de atividades, contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida, independência e participação. AbstractLife expectancy of the elderly population has increased in recent years, and the aging process may be accompanied by functional capacity, physical and cognitive decline in the elderly. In cognitive functions, memory appears as one of their main complaints. This study aimed to analyze the declarative memory, functional capacity and quality of life in active and insufficiently active seniors, in order to observe whether physical Palavras-chave: Idoso. Memória. Atividade Física. Atividade Motora.http://dx

Genome-wide assessment of genetic diversity has the potential to increase the ability to understand admixture, inbreeding, kinship and erosion of genetic diversity affecting both captive ( ex situ ) and wild ( in situ ) populations of threatened species. The sable antelope ( Hippotragus niger ), native to the savannah woodlands of sub-Saharan Africa, is a species that is being managed ex situ in both public (zoo) and private (ranch) collections in the United States. Our objective was to develop whole genome sequence resources that will serve as a foundation for characterizing the genetic status of ex situ populations of sable antelope relative to populations in the wild. Here we report the draft genome assembly of a male sable antelope, a member of the subfamily Hippotraginae (Bovidae, Cetartiodactyla, Mammalia). The 2.596 Gb draft genome consists of 136,528 contigs with an N50 of 45.5 Kbp and 16,927 scaffolds with an N50 of 4.59 Mbp. De novo annotation identified 18,828 protein-coding genes and repetitive sequences encompassing 46.97% of the genome. The discovery of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) was assisted by the re-sequencing of seven additional captive and wild individuals, representing two different subspecies, leading to the identification of 1,987,710 bi-allelic SNVs. Assembly of the mitochondrial genomes revealed that each individual was defined by a unique haplotype and these data were used to infer the mitochondrial gene tree relative to other hippotragine species. The sable antelope genome constitutes a valuable resource for assessing genome-wide diversity and evolutionary potential, thereby facilitating long-term conservation of this charismatic species.

Análise comparativa entre idosos praticantes de exercício físico e sedentários quanto ao risco de quedas Comparative analysis of old people practicing physical exercises and sedentary ones regarding the risk of falling Análisis comparativo entre envejecidos practicantes de ejercicios físicos y sedentarios en cuanto al risco de caídas

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Agricultural, forestry, and food industries produce large amounts of lignocellulosic wastes every year. Land disposal of these residues without proper treatment leads to environmental pollution and negative health effects. The recent advances in valorization of agro-industrial wastes by the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes under solid-state fermentation (SSF) are reviewed. SSF is a promising technology to produce lignocellulolytic enzymes. However, the large-scale feasibility is the main challenge of SSF being the control of operational parameters and adequate reactor design the first locks. The current and future trends of SSF bioreactors for lignocellulolytic enzyme production are summarized. SSF allows the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes with high stability at different temperatures and pH, improving their applicability in different industrial settings.

IntroduçãoO controle do equilíbrio requer a manutenção do centro de gravidade sobre a base de sustentação durante situações estáticas e dinâmicas (DANIEL et al., 2010). Para o controle do equilíbrio corporal são necessárias contribuições dos sistemas visual, vestibular e proprioceptivo (BELLEW et al., 2009 Motriz, Rio Claro, v.19 n.2, p.269-277, abr./jun. 2013 Artigo Original Influência da hidrocinesioterapia no equilíbrio postural de idosas institucionalizadasEstele Caroline Welter Meereis Influence of hydrokinetic therapy in postural balance of institutionalized elderly peopleAbstract: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the influence that a hydrokinetic therapy program in shallow water has on postural balance of institutionalized elderly women. In this study 8 institutionalized elderly, with a mean age of 62.95 ± 2.87 years participated. The postural balance was evaluated through the force platform. 3 attempts in each sensory organization test (SOT) previously and subsequently the intervention of hydrokinetic therapy in shallow water were made. The variables analyzed were: displacement amplitude of the pressure center (COP) in the anteroposterior, mediolateral direction and displacement speed of the COP. An improvement in postural control after the intervention was observed, where a decrease on the displacement of the pressure center happened, especially in the anteroposterior direction. For the group of institutionalized elderly participants in this study, hydrokinetic therapy performed in shallow water was able to improve postural balance.

Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is the largest by-product originated from the brewery industry with a high potential for producing carbohydrases by solid-state fermentation. This work aimed to test the efficacy of a carbohydrases-rich extract produced from solid-state fermentation of BSG, to enhance the digestibility of a plant-based diet for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). First, BSG was fermented with A. ibericus to obtain an aqueous lyophilized extract (SSF-BSG extract) and incorporated in a plant-based diet at increasing levels (0—control; 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%). Another diet incorporating a commercial carbohydrases-complex (0.04%; Natugrain; BASF) was formulated. Then, all diets were tested in in vitro and in vivo digestibility assays. In vitro assays, simulating stomach and intestine digestion in European seabass, assessed dietary phosphorus, phytate phosphorus, carbohydrates, and protein hydrolysis, as well as interactive effects between fish enzymes and dietary SSF-BSG extract. After, an in vivo assay was carried out with European seabass juveniles fed selected diets (0—control; 0.1%, and 0.4%). In vitro digestibility assays showed that pentoses release increased 45% with 0.4% SSF-BSG extract and 25% with Natugrain supplemented diets, while amino acids release was not affected. A negative interaction between endogenous fish enzymes and SSF-BSG extract was observed in both diets. The in vivo digestibility assay corroborated in vitro data. Accordingly, the dietary supplementation with 0.4% SSF-BSG increased the digestibility of dry matter, starch, cellulose, glucans, and energy and did not affect protein digestibility. The present work showed the high potential of BSG to produce an added-value functional supplement with high carbohydrases activity and its potential contribution to the circular economy by improving the nutritional value of low-cost and sustainable ingredients that can be included in aquafeeds.

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