Gibberellic acid has been known since 1954 but its effect on rice still remains very important in the agricultural world. Gibberellic acid (GA3) is the main secondary metabolite produced by the Gibberella fujikuroi fungus. This hormone is of great importance in agriculture and the brewing industry, due to its fast and strong effects at low concentrations (μg) on the processes of growth stimulation, flowering, stem elongation, and germination of seeds, among others. Plant promoters of growth production such as the gibberellins, especially the GA3 are a priority in obtaining better harvests in the agricultural area and by extension, improving the food industry. Three routes to obtaining GA3 have been reported: extraction from plants, chemical synthesis and microbial fermentation. The latter being the most common method used to produce GA3. In this investigation, glucose-corn oil mixture was used as a carbon source on the basis of 40 g of carbon in a 7 L stirred tank bioreactor. A pH of 3.5, 29°C, 600 min(-1) agitation and 1 vvm aeration were maintained and controlled with a biocontroller connected to the bioreactor, throughout the entire culture time. The carbon source mixture affected the fermentation time as well as the production of the GAs. The production of 380 mg GA3L(-1) after 288 h of fermentation was obtained when the glucose-corn oil mixture was employed contrasting the 136 mg GA3L(-1) at 264 h of culture when only glucose was used.
Phytophthora capsici, es el agente causal de la ‘marchitez del chile’ una de las enfermedades más importantes de este cultivo. Para establecer estrategias de control eficientes es necesario el conocimiento de la diversidad del patógeno, para esto, se realizó esta investigación cuyo objetivo fue determinar el grado de variabilidad de 29 aislados monozoospóricos obtenidos de chile (Capsicum annuum L.) de seis municipios del estado de Guanajuato y dos cepas de referencia de A1 y A2. Todos fueron caracterizados por la forma de crecimiento, tipo de compatibilidad, crecimiento a 35 °C, sensibilidad a mefenoxam y grado de virulencia. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los aislados, presentaron cinco formas de crecimiento: estrellada (62.5%), turuloso (15.62%), estolonífera (12.5%), filamentoso (6.25%) y petaloide (3.12%); su crecimiento a 35 °C fue menor a 30.7% respecto al control crecido a 27 °C, su tipo de compatibilidad fue 65.5% del tipo A1, se encontró sensibilidad intermedia al mefenoxam en 65.5% de los aislados, siendo el resto sensibles. El aislado más virulento fue el D3 y los avirulentos fueron D8, D11 y D12 todos originarios de Dolores Hidalgo. No se observa una relación directa entre la forma de crecimiento, el crecimiento a 35 °C, el tipo de compatibilidad, la resistencia a mefenoxam y el grado de virulencia.
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