Background:Dental bleaching has been increasingly sought out to improve dental aesthetics, but it may cause changes in dental enamel.Objective: To assess the influence of different time intervals on bleaching gel applications with regard to the Microhardness (MH) and Surface Roughness (SR) on dental enamel.Material and Methods:Forty bovine incisors were randomly divided into two groups (G1 and G2) and both were bleached with 35% Hydrogen Peroxide (HP35) (n=20; G1: seven-day interval and G2: two-day interval). The MH and SR tests were performed before bleaching (T0) and after the first (T1), second (T2), and third (T3) bleaching gel applications. The specimens were stored in artificial saliva between each application (37°C). The data were analyzed using the student’s t-test (p ≤ 0.05) for dependent samples.Results:The reduced time interval (two days) led to a significant reduction in MH, while MH was not affected during the seven-day interval. The SR results increased regardless of the bleaching gel application time interval.Conclusion:The decreased time interval of two days between bleaching gel applications caused changes in MH but did not influence the SR of dental enamel.

SUMMARY Background Functional acidic monomers are able to chemically interact with hydroxyapatite, and this bond appears to be very stable. Therefore, this aspect of the 10-MDP molecule made it attractive and added to self-etch adhesives. Objectives The objective of this Systematic Review (SR) and Meta-analysis (MA) was to determine whether systems with the 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) functional monomer in their formula showed better clinical performance in restorations placed in noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) when compared to systems without it. The PROSPERO registration number of the MA is CRD42016050538. Data and sources An e-search was conducted through MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, OpenGrey, Clinical Trials, Current Controlled Trials, and EU Clinical Trials Register, and a search through the references of included studies was also performed. Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials, in which the effectiveness of self-etch adhesive systems, with or without the 10-MDP functional monomer for NCCL, was discussed, were included. Risk of bias was performed according to the Cochrane Collaboration tool, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated through GRADE. Study selection The data were grouped, heterogeneity (I2) was tested, and after duplicate removal, 4208 manuscripts were retrieved. From these, 11 studies were included in the qualitative analysis (risk of bias), with nine classified as low risk and two unclear. GRADE analysis detected moderate-to-high certainty of evidence, so the quantitative synthesis [Meta-analysis (MA)] was performed including the 11 studies. Results and Conclusion There were no statistical differences in the clinical performance of restorations conducted using “with or without 10-MDP” adhesive types, for all evaluated criteria (p=0.05), with heterogeneity ranging from 0% to 53%. Thus, the presence of 10-MDP functional monomer did not influence the clinical performance of restorations placed in NCCL.

The early development of Markiana nigripinnis is described by morphological characters, pigmentation, and morphometry. Larvae were obtained through semi-natural breeding, collected, fixed, and identified according to their development. Eighty individuals with standard lengths ranging from 3.1 to 24.3 mm were analyzed. Larvae are poorly developed at hatching, with a relatively large yolk sac and finfold. At the preflexion stage, the eyes are pigmented, the mouth and anus are functional, the yolk is completely absorbed, and the pectoral fin bud emerges. At flexion, the first rays of the caudal, anal, and dorsal fins become evident. The pelvic fin bud emerges only at the postflexion stage, in addition to the complete absorption of the finfold. Pigmentation is distributed throughout the body, with a greater concentration on the top of the head, around the mouth, and at the base of the caudal fin. The myomere total number ranged from 34 to 49 (16–23 preanal, and 18–27 postanal). Juveniles show morphological characteristics like adults. The fins ray number are pectoral: 11–13, pelvic: 5–7, dorsal: 8–11, caudal: 16–27, and anal 30–47. The morphometric relationships reveal variations in growth along the early ontogeny of the species.

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Objective: To evaluate and compare, by means of bacterial infiltration, the quality of sealing obtained by Tagger's hybrid (TH) and Single Cone (SC) techniques, in association with AH Plus/Gutta-percha (AH) and Epiphany/Resilon (ER). Methods: Palatal roots of 70 maxillary molars were instrumented and divided randomly into six groups: G1, TH/AH; G2, SC/AH; G3, TH/ER; G4, SC/ER; G5, negative control; G6, positive control. The roots were sterilized and monitored for 56 days to detect bacterial leakage using Enterococcus faecalis. The data were subjected to Binomial test (α<0.05) to compare the infiltration among groups and Kruskal-Wallis test (α<0.05) to analyze the infiltration as a function of time.Results: All positive controls leaked within 24 h; none of negative controls leaked. There was no influence of time on leakage. Individual comparisons showed that there were no influences of the techniques and filling materials on quality of root canal sealing. Significant difference was found only between G1 and G4 (p=0.0229), the G1 showed a lesser and G2 the higher quantity of infiltration. Conclusion: It could be concluded that none of the groups was able to prevent bacterial leakage and the lowest ability to prevent infiltration was obtained when applied SC/ER to filling the canal.Key words: Bacteria; Dental materials; Endodontic; Root canal obturation; Dental leakage.Comparação da infiltração bacteriana entre os cimentos Epiphany e AH Plus usando as técnicas de obturação de cone único e Híbrida de Tagger Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar, por meio da infiltração bacteriana, a qualidade de selamento obtido pelas técnicas híbrida de Tagger (TH) e do cone único (SC) associadas com AH Plus/Guta-percha (AH) e Epiphany/Resilon (ER) . Métodos: Raízes palatinas de 70 molares superiores foram instrumentadas e divididas aleatoriamente em seis grupos: G1, TH/AH; G2, SC/AH; G3, TH/ER; G4, SC/ER; G5, controle negativo; G6, controle positivo. As raízes foram esterilizadas e monitoradas durante 56 dias para detectar a infiltração bacteriana utilizando Enterococcus faecalis. Os dados foram submetidos a teste Binomial (α<0,05) ao comparar a infiltração entre grupos e Kruskal-Wallis (α<0,05) para analisar a infiltração, como uma função do tempo. Resultados: Todos os controles positivos infiltraram em 24 horas. Nenhum dos controles negativos infiltrou. Não houve influência do tempo na infiltração. Comparações individuais mostraram não haver influencia das técnicas e materiais de obturação na qualidade de selamento do canal radicular. Houve diferença significativa apenas entre G1 e G4 (P=0,0229), o G1 mostrou o menor e G4 a maior quantidade de infiltração. Conclusão: Nenhum dos grupos foi capaz de evitar a infiltração bacteriana e a menor capacidade de prevenir a infiltração foi obtida quando utilizados de SC/ER para obturar o canal.Palavras-chave: Bactérias, materiais dentários, endodontia, obturação do canal radicular, infiltração dentária. 88Rev Odonto Cienc 2014;29(3):87-91Assessment of bacterial leakage when using dif...