Diabetes mellitus impaired the bone healing around dental implants with established osseointegration because the results presented a lower percentage of bone area in group D in relation to groups C and I resulting in a lowest torque values for implant removal. Moreover, insulin therapy prevents the occurrence of bone abnormalities found in diabetic animals and osseointegration was not compromised.

Odontogenic cysts are considered as nonneoplasic benign lesions. Among the cysts, keratocyst odontogenic tumor (KCOT) is an intra-osseous tumor characterized by parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium and a potential for aggressive, infiltrative behavior, and for the possibility to develop carcinomas in the lesion wall. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe a clinical case of KCOT in a young patient and discuss the treatment alternatives to solve this case. A 15-year-old male was referred for treatment of a giant lesion in his left side of the mandible. After the biopsy, a diagnostic of KCOT was made, and the following procedures were planned for KCOT treatment. Marsupialization was performed for lesion decompression and consequent lesion size reduction. Afterward, enucleation for complete KCOT removal was performed followed by third mandibular molar extraction. After 5 years, no signs of recurrence were observed. The treatment proposed was efficient in removing the KCOT with minimal surgical morbidity and optimal healing process, and the first and second mandibular molars were preserved with pulp vitality. In conclusion, this treatment protocol was an effective and conservative approach for the management of the KCOT, enabling the reduction of the initial lesion, the preservation of anatomical structures and teeth, allowing quicker return to function. No signs of recurrence after 5 years were observed.

The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of bone remodeling after maxillary sinus lifting in humans by means of fractal dimension (FD) and histomorphometric analysis. Therefore, the correlation between FD and the histomorphometric findings was evaluated. Sixteen patients with posterior edentulous maxilla were enrolled in this study. Maxillary sinus lifting was performed using autogenous bone grafted from the mandibular retromolar area. Three direct digital panoramic radiographs were obtained: before surgery (Group 1), immediately postoperatively (Group 2) and after 6 months of healing (Group 3) for FD analysis. Biopsies were taken after 6 months, processed and submitted to histological and histomorphometric analysis. Data were analyzed by Shapiro-Wilk test and ANOVA test followed by a Tukey test (a = 0.05). The bone volume fraction of newly trabecular bone (TB) and medullary area (MA) was measured as 62.75% ± 17.16% and 37.25 ± 17.16%, respectively. Significant difference in FD analysis was measured between Group 1 and Group 3. No significant difference was found in the correlation between FD and histomorphometric analysis for TB and MA (p = 0.84). In conclusion, all performed analyses were effective in assessing the bone-remodeling pattern in the maxillary sinus, offering complementary information about healing and predictable outcomes. There were no correlations between FD and histomorphometric analysis.

Previous long-term therapy with alendronate caused an increase in the BMD, maximal force of fracture of the bone without changing the inorganic composition and elastic deformability of this tissue. Furthermore, the ALD therapy enhanced osseointegration.

The perforation of the Schneiderian membrane (SM) is a common surgical complication during the sinus floor augmentation procedure (SFA). Different approaches have been proposed to close completely the SM perforation and to avoid graft contamination or migration and postoperative sinus infection. In this context, the leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) membranes have been proposed to SM perforation treatment due to its natural adhesive property and resistance. Thus, these case series aim to evaluate the effectiveness of platelet rich fibrin (L-PRF) in the treatment of SM large perforations during SFA. A total of 9 SM perforation was treated in this case series. The L-PRF membranes were interposed on the perforated SM until the rupture could not be visualized. The maxillary sinus cavities were filled with deproteinized bovine mineral bone (Bio-oss®, Geistlich, Switzerland) and a collagen membrane was positioned to cover the lateral access window. After 8 months, 13 implants were placed achieving satisfactory primary stability. The osseointegration of all implants and absence of infection signs/mucus in the maxillary sinus were observed in cone beam computed tomography or panoramic radiography qualitative analysis after 3-5 years of follow-up. It can be concluded that the use of L-PRF can be considered a viable alternative for the repair of large SM perforations.

Objectives To evaluate the effect of Cisplatin on bone repair and mineralization around implants and on the mechanical properties of bone tissue. Materials and methods Forty‐three Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: Cisplatin (CIS, medication) and control (CTL, placebo solution), administered once a week for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, implants were installed in both tibiae metaphysis. After 30 and 60 days, the animals were sacrificed and their femurs and tibiae were removed. Femurs were subjected to mechanical tests and tibiae for removal torque, arrangement and distribution of collagen fibers, morphometrical analyses (bone tissue in contact with the implant surface [BIC] and areal fraction between implant threads occupied by bone tissue [BAFO]) and scanning electron microscopy to calcium and calcium/phosphorus analysis. Data were analyzed by ANOVA or MANOVA, and Tukey or Games–Howell post hoc tests, respectively (α = 0.05). Results The CTL specimens had significantly higher values (0.0001 ≤ p≤0.036) of strength (N), removal torque (N/cm2), %BIC, and %BAFO than CIS specimens, being their best results at day 60. No significant differences were found among the groups regarding the values of deformation, percentage of calcium, and calcium/phosphorus ratio. In CIS groups, there was a reduction in the organization of collagen at the bone/implant interface, resulting in a trabecular bone with thin trabeculae and birefringent collagen and irregular arrangement. Conclusions and clinical implications Cisplatin interfered negatively in the repair and mineralization around dental implants, as well as on the quality of the bone tissue, mainly in the period of 30 days after the implant placement.

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The severe suppression of bone turnover caused by the prolonged use of ALD may alter the capacity of bone tissue to integrate with the implant threads impairing the osseointegration process.