Latar Belakang: Beta-karoten merupakan salah satu isomer karoten yang bisa ditemukan pada sayuran berwarna hijau tua atau kuning tua (seperti wortel dan brokoli). Brokoli merupakan sayuran yang memiliki kandungan beta-karoten yang cukup tinggi, yaitu 623 IU/100 gram. Namun, proses pengolahan brokoli menjadi hidangan dapat menurunkan kandungan beta-karotennya. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh teknik pengolahan terhadap kandungan beta-karoten pada brokoli. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observational di laboratorium. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak sederhana dengan dua kali pengulangan dan satu unit percobaan. Teknik pengolahan yang dilakukan adalah merebus, mengukus, dan menumis. Brokoli mentah digunakan sebagai kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari–Maret 2017. Analisis kadar beta-karoten dilakukan di Laboratorium Chem-mix Pratama Yogyakarta dengan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil: Kadar beta-karoten tertinggi terdapat pada brokoli mentah diikuti dengan brokoli yang ditumis, dikukus dan direbus. Persen penurunan kadar beta-karoten yang direbus, dikukus dan ditumis dibandingkan dengan brokoli mentah masing-masing sebesar 45,87%, 33,52% dan 22,25%. Ada penurunan kadar beta-karoten yang signifikan setelah direbus, ditumis, maupun dikukus dibandingkan dengan brokoli segar (p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Kadar beta-karoten pada brokoli mengalami penurunan setelah dilakukan pengolahan dengan cara direbus, dikukus, dan ditumis. Merebus mengakibatkan penurunan kadar betakaroten terbanyak dibandingkan dengan kedua proses lainnya.

Background: In many countries throughout the world, sexually transmitted disease such as HIV/ AIDS also occurred in adolescents. A study by National Behavioral Surveillance Survey stated that the level of awareness and knowledge among young people about HIV/ AIDS was low. This study was aimed to explore the difference of knowledge toward HIV/AIDS in adolescents in Sleman, Yogyakarta. Subjects and Method: A descriptive study was carried out at Public Senior High School 1 and Muhammadiyah Senior High School 1, Sleman, Yogyakarta, in April 2019. A sample of 65 students was selected randomly. The study variable was knowledge toward HIV/AIDS. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by Mann whitney test. Results: Mean of knowledge toward HIV/AIDS in students in Public Senior High School 1 (Mean= 63.69; SD= 24.9) was higher than Muhammadiyah 1 Senior High School Sleman (Mean= 45.84; SD= 21.7) and it was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Adolescents knowledge toward HIV/AIDS in Public Senior High School 1 is higher than Muhammadiyah 1 Senior High School, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, knowledge, adolescents Correspondence: Mario Febrianus Helan Sani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: rhyansani@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281326608972. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the6thicph.02.49

Background: Childhood overweight and obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Overweight and obesity are one side of the double burden of malnutrition because more than 1.9 billion people are overweight and of that number more than 650 million are obese. Meanwhile, for children aged 5-19 years, more than 340 million children are overweight and obese. One category of intervention to prevent overweight / obesity in children who have developed rapidly in recent years is family-based intervention. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of family-based intervention on overweight / obesity based on the results of a number of previous studies. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic study and meta-analysis carried out by following the PRISMA flow diagram. The process of searching for articles through a journal database which includes: Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect and SpingerLink by selecting articles published in 2005-2020. Keywords used include: "family-based intervention" OR "family-based program" OR "family-based treatment" OR "family-based" OR "home-based intervention" OR "household based intervention" AND "children overweight OR "childhood overwight" AND "pediatric obesity" OR "children obesity" OR "children obese" OR "childhood obesity" OR "childhood obese" AND RCT OR "randomized controlled trial" OR "cluster-randomized controlled trial". The inclusion criteria were a full paper article with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) study design, the article used English, the study subjects were overweight / obese children (aged 5-19 years) and the intervention given was family-based intervention. Articles that meet the requirements are analyzed using the Review Manger 5.3 application. Results: A total of 11 articles reviewed in this meta-analysis study came from Malaysia, the United States, Australia, England, Spain, Denmark and Sweden. Meta-analysis of 11 articles with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) study design showed that family-based intervention had an effect on reducing children's body mass index but it was not statistically significant (Standarized Mean Diffe-rence= -0.46; 95% CI -1.05 to 0.13 p= 0.130). Conclusion:Family-based intervention reduces body mass index for overweight / obese children.