This project aimed to review teacher’s leadership learning strategies in improving student learning outcomes since the government sent students home to slow the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The student’s learning success during a pandemic is closely related to understanding and implementing teacher leadership strategies in helping students learn from home. To support teachers in student learning success, we have reviewed literature, especially student learning during school closings. After data collection, we continued in-depth analysis and interpretation with a descriptive qualitative approach. Analysis and interpretation include the competencies to be achieved, learning motivation, teaching materials, mentoring methods, and success evaluation rubrics. After we connected all the elements above with teaching, pedagogy, and understanding of the realities of student learning during the pandemic, we finally succeeded in compiling a strategic formulation of the teacher leadership strategies as follows: 1) spatial learning practice, 2) retrospective approach, 3) practical elaborative learning, 4) collaborative learning, 5) interleaving approach, 6) concrete commitment, 7) multiple coding skills, 8) helpful resources, 9) digital competence, and 10) celebrating every success. These findings are they are valid and reliable. Therefore, the implication of this findings can be a strategy for teachers to back up students learning from home today where teaching still remains in remote settings.

Blood transfusion is a fundamental and life-saving procedure where the consequence of errors can be fatal. Nurses’ knowledge plays an essential role in ensuring quality and safety in blood transfusion. The objective of this study was to assess blood transfusion-associated knowledge of tertiary hospital nurses on the east coast of Malaysia. This was a cross-sectional study with 200 registered nurses involved in blood transfusion procedures at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. The knowledge of the nurses was evaluated by using the routine blood transfusion knowledge questionnaire based on five parts, and <50%, 50–74%, or ≥75% of the knowledge was considered as poor, moderate, or high, respectively. Based on the scoring system, the overall knowledge of blood transfusion among Malaysian nurses (33.2 ± 8.4 years) was estimated to be 54.9 ± 7.6%. In individual items, the scoring was 81.0%, 45.4%, 49.2%, 63.0%, and 90.0% in knowledge prior to blood transfusion, on pre-transfusion, on post-transfusion, on complications, and on transfusion policy, respectively. The findings of this study indicated that most of the nurses’ overall knowledge of blood transfusion was at a moderate level; therefore, training courses and continuous medical education are warranted to improve knowledge and skills of the nurses to ensure good practices of blood transfusion.

BackgroundThe Malaysian Node of the Human Variome Project (MyHVP) is one of the eighteen official Human Variome Project (HVP) country-specific nodes. Since its inception in 9th October 2010, MyHVP has attracted the significant number of Malaysian clinicians and researchers to participate and contribute their data to this project. MyHVP also act as the center of coordination for genotypic and phenotypic variation studies of the Malaysian population. A specialized database was developed to store and manage the data based on genetic variations which also associated with health and disease of Malaysian ethnic groups. This ethnic-specific database is called the Malaysian Node of the Human Variome Project database (MyHVPDb).FindingsCurrently, MyHVPDb provides only information about the genetic variations and mutations found in the Malays. In the near future, it will expand for the other Malaysian ethnics as well. The data sets are specified based on diseases or genetic mutation types which have three main subcategories: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), Copy Number Variation (CNV) followed by the mutations which code for the common diseases among Malaysians. MyHVPDb has been open to the local researchers, academicians and students through the registration at the portal of MyHVP (http://hvpmalaysia.kk.usm.my/mhgvc/index.php?id=register).ConclusionsThis database would be useful for clinicians and researchers who are interested in doing a study on genomics population and genetic diseases in order to obtain up-to-date and accurate information regarding the population-specific variations and also useful for those in countries with similar ethnic background.

Multiple recurrent somatic mutations have recently been identified in association with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). This meta-analysis aims to assess the pooled prevalence of TET2 gene mutations among patients with MPN. Six databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Embase) were searched for relevant studies from inception till September 2020, without language restrictions. The eligibility criteria included BCR-ABL-negative MPN adults with TET2 gene mutations. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses explored results among different continents and countries, WHO diagnostic criteria, screening methods and types of MF. Quality assessment was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020212223). Thirty-five studies were included (n = 5121, 47.1% female). Overall, the pooled prevalence of TET2 gene mutations in MPN patients was 15.5% (95% CI: 12.1–19.0%, I2 = 94%). Regional differences explained a substantial amount of heterogeneity. The prevalence of TET2 gene mutations among the three subtypes PV, ET and MF were 16.8%, 9.8% and 15.7%, respectively. The quality of the included studies was determined to be moderate–high among 83% of the included studies. Among patients with BCR-ABL-negative MPN, the overall prevalence of TET2 gene mutations was 15.5%.

We reported a case of a woman with no past medical illness who presented with a few days’ history of fever, myalgia, arthralgia, hypochromic microcytic anaemia and thrombocytopaenia and who was nonstructural protein 1 antigen (NS1Ag)-positive. Haemolytic anaemia including full blood picture work-up revealed high reticulocyte count and haemolysis with positive direct Coombs test. She was started on prednisolone and was discharged well.

Objectives: Blood bank centers routinely screen for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to ensure the safety of blood supply and thus prevent the dissemination of these viruses via blood transfusion. We sought to evaluate the detection of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) markers using standard serological methods and nucleic acid testing (NAT) among blood donors in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Methods: Donated blood units were assessed for the presence or absence of HBV, HCV, and HIV using two screening method: serology and NAT. Reactive blood samples were then subjected to serological confirmatory and NAT discriminatory assays. Results: A total of 9669 donors were recruited from September 2017 to June 2018. Among these, 36 donors were reactive either for HBV, HCV, or HIV by serological testing and eight by NAT screening. However, only 10 (three for HBV and seven for HCV) donors tested positive using serological testing and five (two for HBV and three for HCV) by NAT discriminatory assays. Note that all five NAT positive donors detected in the NAT discriminatory assays were confirmed to be serologically reactive. Therefore, the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV was 0.03%, 0.1%, and 0.0%, respectively, in our donor pool. Conclusions: Both serological and NAT screening and confirmatory assays should be used routinely to reduce the risk of infection transmission via the transfusion of blood and blood components.

The COVID-19 pandemic which spread around the world evidently has impacted various sectors in Malaysia including the economic sector. Many that profoundly affected by this ongoing pandemic are small local business owners, such as night market traders. Therefore, this study aims to identify the problems as well as the impacts faced by the night market traders in Penang during the pandemic. A total of 15 informants were recruited to engage in an in-depth interview by purposive sampling. Findings indicate that there is a drop in sales and profits for a significant number of informants. The problems that have been identified are the reopening status and diversion of night market location, the increase of night market site rental fee and essential items price for business, lacking of marketing promotion by organisers have made the public unaware of the night market reopening status, issues related to standard operating procedure (SOP) as well as acceptance of government assistance initiative. Even though online sales platform has become a popular alternative by a large number of informants throughout the pandemic, the return and profit received have not reached a good proportion. All in all, the COVID-19 pandemic has produced various daunting problems that have had multiple impacts on night market traders. Restructuring or remodeling of business strategies should be done by the night market traders to adjust to the new norm as advocated by the government, as well as to minimize the risk of profit loss.

Kemiskinan sering kali berlaku terutama kepada mereka yang tinggal di kawasan luar bandar meskipun terdapat pelbagai bantuan yang telah disalurkan oleh pihak kerajaan. Hal ini turut berlaku kepada komuniti nelayan luar bandar yang tinggal di Tanjung Dawai, Kedah. Isu kemiskinan ini secara tidak langsung telah membawa kepada pelbagai cabaran hidup yang kompleks dalam kalangan komuniti nelayan tersebut. Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk meneroka cabaran hidup miskin yang dialami oleh komuniti nelayan di Tanjung Dawai. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif melalui temu bual mendalam yang melibatkan seramai 15 informan dalam kalangan ketua isi rumah nelayan yang dipilih secara rawak. Lokasi kajian telah dijalankan di Kampung Nelayan. Data daripada temu bual mendalam telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis kandungan. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa komuniti nelayan mempunyai lima cabaran hidup miskin iaitu kesukaran menampung perbelanjaan harian, kesukaran melanjutkan pendidikan, kesukaran memiliki aset, keperluan melakukan pekerjaan sampingan dan ancaman gejala sosial. Kajian ini berupaya memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas agar pihak berkepentingan lebih memahami cabaran hidup miskin yang berlaku dalam kalangan komuniti nelayan, seterusnya dapat merangka strategi yang holistik untuk pembangunan sosioekonomi mereka. Hal ini selari dengan agenda Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari (SDG) yang meletakkan elemen "No poverty" sebagai sasaran pertama yang perlu dilakukan oleh setiap negara bagi mengurangkan kadar kemiskinan dalam kalangan masyarakatnya.