The article discusses the features of associated petroleum gas processing technologies, as well as their impact on the specifics of environmental problems in the industry. The author describes the composition of associated petroleum gas and concludes that due to the combustion of associated petroleum gas, a large number of harmful substances are formed, which also affect the health of the population. The development of oil fields entails the development of by-products that require timely disposal, as they can affect the development of environmental friendliness of production. The article also considers the volume of pollutants formed during the combustion of associated petroleum gas at flare installations. The scheme of processing of hydrocarbon raw materials is presented with a description of certain criteria on the basis of which the extraction and processing of associated petroleum gas is carried out. The components of the associated petroleum gas utilization process have also been determined. The article proposes a model for the catalytic conversion of a heavy fraction into a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene), with the help of the implementation of the relative simplicity of which (the process is one-stage, the technological regime is quite mild), the quality of the pre-processing technology will be improved and the impact on the environment will be reduced.
In modern conditions of global integration, competition is increasing, both on the world and national markets, and therefore the role of innovation in the processes of economic development is increasing. Intellectual labor products have the highest value on the world market in comparison with other types of products. At present, it is the market that dictates the need to create conditions for widespread use of innovations, strengthen innovation activities due to its openness and tougher competition. Changes in the economy and the introduction of new elements into it and the emergence of new industries of a higher technical and economic level, in comparison with existing industries, are due to innovations that are initially designed to meet public needs. Initiators of innovations, seeking to improve the quality of life, become leaders of technological development, provoking other market participants to look for new solutions to improve their own competitiveness. As a result, there is an increase in the level of development of the economic environment at various scales: local, regional, national, and global. This article discusses the problems and current trends of the innovative potential of the Russian oil and gas industry.
The problem of innovation is a key one for most of the industrialized countries of the world. Scientific and technical products resulting from intellectual activity need to create a system of protection of industrial property rights, which is a mandatory attribute of developed countries. The efficiency of modern Russian national economy is based on the scientific and technical potential of the country, along with natural and labor resources. The transition of the economy to a new qualitative state increases the importance of innovation and the development of high-tech industries, which, ultimately, are the most important factor in overcoming the economic crisis and providing conditions for economic growth. The innovative development of the Russian oil and gas sector depends on the state of the world market. It is necessary to look for other sources directly related to the main issues of scientific and technological development, including: improving the efficiency of exploration; increase of efficiency of development of oil and gasoline in remote areas; improving the efficiency of exploration in the floodplains of the remaining oil reserves; the increase in the average and low production of dense and high-quality construction of wells to a depth of more than 4 km; increasing the productivity of reservoir wells with low permeability. Therefore, scientific foundations of the development of oil and gas complex and the law of the development of innovative technologies are very relevant and have important theoretical and practical significance. The relevance of the topic of the article is expressed in the fact that the world's largest oil and gas companies are constantly looking for ways to improve efficiency, including through the use of innovative methods of oil search, exploration and production. In this case, the competitiveness and long-term survival of an oil company depends on the effectiveness of its innovation activities. The article considers the main innovative technologies in oil production in Russia and their features.
Самарский национальный исследовательский университет им. академика С.П. Королева, г. Самара, Россия Повышение эффективности всех этапов производства является значимым направлением деятельности каждого крупного предприятия нефтегазовой отрасли в мире. Одной из самых «интеллектуальных» частей теории искусственного интеллекта на данный момент представляются когнитивные, или познавательные, технологии. В современных реалиях мира, при наличии условий огромного роста объема нужной информации для обработки, ее разнообразной структуры, уменьшения временного промежутка, требуемого для принятия решений, и т.п., установившиеся в прошлые годы подходы к решению большого количества задач в управлении производством зачастую являются бесполезными. К тому же в большом количестве сфер деятельности это играет важнейшую роль в оценивании уровня эффективности работы предприятия. И в данном случае, нефтегазовая сфера не является исключением. Поэтому в статье рассмотрены особенности и преимущества когнитивных технологий IBM для нефтегазовой отрасли России. Ключевые слова: искусственный интеллект, когнитивные технологии, нефтегазовое производство, нефтяная и газовая отрасли, компьютерное образование, цифровое бурение, когнитивный инжиниринг, центр управления проектами, когнитивный геолог.
Russian oil and gas industry has undergone a number of changes over the past 20 years. The volumes of oil and gas production changed, the production site moved to the eastern part of Russia, innovative solutions were introduced in the field of oil and gas production, as well as their subsequent processing, the number of players in the market and the price of oil and gas changed. All this set the trends in the development of oil and gas industry in Russia in a new direction for it. This article discusses the current state of oil and gas industry in Russia and identifies the main trends in its development.
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