HUMANITARIAN : actual problems of the humanities and education Vol. 17, No. 4, 2017 гуманитарий актуальные проблемы гуманитарной науки и образования научный журнал Учредители / Издатели: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет им.
наша действительность убеждает в том, что переосмысление многих суждений о закономерностях и сущностях социально-духовного бытия людей неизбежно. Чрезвычайно важным представляется отыскать те ценностно-смысловые идеи, в рамках которых самые возвышенные представления и глубинные потенциалы будут выступать в качестве парадигмальных в процессе осмысления философских традиций и духовного наследия Святой Руси. В статье акцентируется внимание на том, что представители русской религиозной философии, подчеркивая значимость нерациональных аспектов восприятия мира, выделяли веру как специфический способ познания. автором отмечается особая значимость веры в структуре сознания и русского «мировидения». В этой связи утверждается мысль, что вера пронизывает все аспекты духовной деятельности, лежит в основе нравственности, отношения к труду, природе, ценности и смыслу жизни. При этом образованность и духовность осмысливаются как самостоятельные феномены, не обуславливающие друг друга.
Introduction. The problem of identity is one of the key in both theoretical and applied scientific research of various directions, including in the framework of political psychology. This is largely due to the importance of the formation of common vectors of development of the state, based on the identity shared by most citizens. In this scientific article, the topic of the formation of state-civil identity by means of symbolic capital is actualized, which in turn can both harmonize social relations and introduce dysfunctionality, and be an instrument for mobilizing or polarizing society. The authors attempt to study the social product of the representation and construction of contemporary reality in Russia. Materials and Methods. As a theoretical and methodological research strategy, systemic, integrated and analytical approaches were made. The materials for the scientific work were the results of applied research, in particular, focus group interviews, which, thanks to synergies, allowed us to obtain diverse information about the subject of analysis and to more deeply present its perception. Participants in group discussions were residents of the island. Saransk and two municipal regions of the Republic of Mordovia. Results. Unique data were obtained, on the basis of which it is possible to draw conclusions about the features of the perception of conceptual structures of the formation of state-civil identity in modern Russian society. The difference between the older generation and young people in the perception and symbolic reflection of Russian reality was noted. Moreover, both the sources of obtaining information turned out to be excellent, as did personal and collective positions in determining their own role in the process of creating and assimilating symbols of identity, the level of recognition of symbols of different historical eras, the stability and rooting of the value system. In terms of the perception of symbolic identity elements uniting all age groups of respondents, several phenomena are thematically highlighted, among them “border trauma”, “we are the opposition”, “separation from the powers that be”, “Russian & imperial & Soviet”, “nationalities of Russia = peoples of the USSR” and etc. Discussion and Conclusions. Understanding the specifics of perception of the symbolic-value system of Russians allows us to analyze and evaluate the processes of nation-building and to study the problems of social consolidation. The authors come to the conclusion that the Russians are deficient in spiritual bonds, civil activism is weak; most citizens feel outside the active community.
Introduction: Research on Russian Orthodox Church history of the period of the Great Patriotic War has ample complex of sources come into scientific operation fully enough. However, it should be noted that researches chiefly focus their attention on documentary sources whereas it must be admitted that memory-based oral literature, such as orally transmitted pieces of evidence devoted to the history of Russian Orthodox Church parishes in the rear, for example, is somewhat lacking. The purpose of our research is caused by the necessity to fill the lacunas in the field of the church history in Mordovian study of local lore during the period of 1941–1945 as well as to enrich information which is presented rather sparingly. Materials and Methods. The materials of the article are orally transmitted sources collected and processed by the students and teachers of Saransk theological seminary. Interdisciplinary nature of the problem of our research determined the coherence of methodological aims of social knowledge such as hermeneutics, historical anthropology, sociology, etc. Results. The article describes the results of the work connected with collecting and analyzing several narrative complexes of memory-based and orally transmitted pieces of evidence linked by the period of the Great Patriotic War and the theme of life in the rear parishes of Mordovian region. Collecting information was carried out by means of free interviewing methods, frequently used in cultural and anthropological researches. Discussion and Conclusions. The significance and value of orally transmitted historical sources concerning the church history of the Great Patriotic War period are hard to overestimate. Interviewees reconstruct not only the events of the past but also transmit, along with the whole complex of their emotional experiences, linked with these events, their mental references. All this is essential for better understanding social history, the history of family on the one hand, and the history of culture, on the other, inasmuch as oral pieces of evidence supplement documentary information with anthropological constituent. This is the most valuable thing while studying themes, closed for the public before, such as Russian Orthodox Church history of the first half of the XX century, for example.
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