Summary Introduction Caries and orthodontic anomalies in school-age children lead to disturbed aesthetics, oral functions (chewing, swallowing, and speech), predisposition to trauma and the onset of periodontal diseases. The aim was to assess dental health and frequency of orthodontic anomalies in children aged 8-9 years in the municipality of Foča. Methods The research was conducted in the primary school Sveti Sava in Foča, where the total of 112 children age 8-9 years were examined. An informed consent was obtained from parents and school director for each student. Dental examination was performed using standard dental method, a mirror and a probe under artificial lighting. Children received instructions on proper nutrition, oral hygiene, tooth protection and elimination of bad habits. Results Among 112 examined boys and girls of selected ages, very high person caries index (PCI) was found (78.57%). A total of 548 caries affected teeth were found (boys 331 (24.62%), girls 217 (16.14%) (p <0.05)). Fifty-nine children had caries lesions on permanent teeth (boys 39 (2.9%), girls 20 (1.5%) (p <0.05)). Sagital abnormalities of the bite were present in 39 (34.82%) children, while 38 (33.92%) anomalies were related to vertical bite irregularities, 10 (8.92%) of them had open bite and 28 subjects (25%) had deep bite (p> 0.05). Conclusion Large number of teeth was affected with caries lesions (548) in eighth-year-olds, while orthodontic anomalies, mostly sagital abnormalities of bite were found in 39 subjects.

Virus hepatitisa B (HBV), virus hepatitisa C (HCV) i virus humane imunodeficijencije(HIV) predstavljaju patogene koji se prenose krvlju i od posebnogsu interesa za stomatološki tim. U stomatološkoj ordinaciji HBV, HCV i HIVse mogu prenijeti direktnim kontaktom sa krvlju i pljuvačkom koja ima primjesakrvi, ili indirektnim kontaktom sa inficiranim instrumentima tokomi nakon rada. Upotreba oštrih instrumenata pri radu, te susretanje sa pacijentimakoji trpe bol i stres predstavljaju faktore rizika za nastanak ekspozicijskihincidenata. Zbog toga se moraju preduzeti i dosljedno sprovoditimjere zaštite od virusnih infekcija. Specifična zaštita protiv HBV je vakcina.Nespecifična zaštita podrazumjeva zaštitu osoblja, pacijenata, specifičanodnos u radu sa kontaminiranim instrumentima, specifičnu higijenu radnihpovršina i opreme u ordinaciji i zbrinjavanje medicinskog otpada. Prevencijaekspozicije je primarna strategija za smanjenje profesionalno nastalihinfekcija, a pored toga, za HBV, HCV i HIV infekciju propisana je postekspozicijskaprofilaksa čija primjena ima zadovoljavajuću efikasnost

Introduction. Orthodontic treatment is a common dental procedure in developedcountries. Assessment of orthodontic treatment need is importantfor health services planning and population trends monitoring. The aim ofthis study was to assess the need for orthodontic treatment among childrenin Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods. The study involved 81 students of two primary schools in themunicipality of Foča, aged 11-13 years. The subjects underwent clinicalexaminations, the dental impressions were taken, study models were madeand analyzed, and digital photographs of anterior dentition were taken too.Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) was used to assess theneed for orthodontic treatment. The number of orthodontists, which wouldbe sufficient to meet the needs of this population of children, was estimated.Results. ICON index results showed that 56.8% of children needed orthodontictreatment. There was no statistical significance in the need for orthodontictreatment between the subjects of different gender and age. The study showedthat 22.2% of boys and 34.6% of girls needed orthodontic treatment. In relationto age, 21% of eleven- and 21% of twelve-year-olds needed orthodontictreatment and 14.8% of thirteen-year-olds. The incidence of crowding was80.2%. Crossbite was present in 23.5% of examined students, open bite in 2.5%,deep bite in 29.6% and irregular dental esthetics anterior teeth in 28.4%. ClassII/1 malocclusion was found in 39.5% of children, II/2 class in 9.9%, class I in38.3%, while class III malocclusion was found in 9.9% of examined children.Conclusion. The study shows that a large percentage of children in Foča needorthodontic treatment. Percentage of the need for orthodontic treatment ishigher in comparison to most of the countries in Europe and the world. Thedevelopment of prevention programs and early caries therapy can greatlyreduce the need for orthodontic treatment.

Zalihe su materijali, robe i/ili sirovine pohranjeni u skladišta s ciljem osiguranja normalne proizvodnje i zadovoljstva kupaca. Zalihama je moguće manipulirati tako da se ne prikazivanje stanja kretanja, promjene podaci koristeći fleksibilnost računovodstvenih regulatorskih okvira. Upravljanje zalihama od izuzetne je važnosti za uspješno poslovanje poduzeća te je u ovom radu prikazano istraživanje na uzorku od 127 hrvatskih poduzeća. Ovim istraživanjem nastojalo se doći do spoznaje u kolikoj mjeri poduzeća vode politiku upravljanja zalihama, odnosno provjeriti provode li u dovoljnoj mjeri poduzeća u Republici Hrvatskoj politiku upravljanja zalihama, njihovo praćenje, analizu samih zaliha odnosno njihovu kurentnost, te koje metode i tehnike najčešće poduzeća koriste za praćenje zaliha u poslovanju. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da poduzeća u RH u dovoljno mjeri provode politiku upravljanja zalihama, iako poduzeća iz promatranog uzorka najčešće primjenjuju metodu za kontrolu troškova zaliha JIT (just-in-time) što može biti vrlo rizično za upravljački menadžment poduzeća.