The obesity and overweight rates in population exposed to chronic intermittent exposure to high altitudes are not well studied. The aim of the retrospective study was to evaluate whether there are differences in body mass index in different occupation groups working in intermittent shifts at mining industry at high altitude: 3800-4500 meters above sea level. Our study demonstrated that obesity and overweight are common in workers of high altitude mining industry exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia. The obesity rate was lowest among miners as compared to blue- and white-collar employees (9.5% vs. 15.6% and 14.7%, p=0.013). Obesity and overweight were associated with older age, higher rates of increased blood pressure (8.79% and 5.72% vs. 1.92%), cholesterol (45.8% and 45.6% vs. 32.8%) and glucose (4.3% and 1.26% vs. 0.57%) levels as compared to normal body mass index category (p<0.0001 for all). There were differences in patterns of cholesterol and glucose levels in men and women employees according to occupation type. In conclusion, obesity and overweight rates are prevalent and associated with increase in blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose levels in workers of mining industry exposed to intermittent high-altitude hypoxia. Therefore, assessment and monitoring of body mass index seems to be essential in those who live and work at high altitudes to supply the correct nutrition, modify risk factors, and prevent related disorders.

In the Kyrgyz population, a 10-year high risk of T2DM development is greater among residents of LAlts as compared with HAlts, irrespective of gender. No very high-risk group was detected in residents of low or HAlts. The leading composites of FINDRISC score are increased WC and BMI, possibly due to irregular intake of vegetables and fruits that are dependent on the altitude of residence and age.

In this paper, we present the literature review on nutrition disorders in schoolchildren. as well as the data about the role of rational and balanced nutrition in strengthening of child and adolescent health. We provided the review of literature on the approaches in education facilities on healthy diet education and school meals.

Objective: In  diabetes  mellitus (DM) type 2, there  is  a  very  high  risk  of developing cardiovascular  (CV) events.  We aimed to study the total CV risk of the indigenous people of  Kyrgyzstan with  impaired carbohydrate metabolism (DM type 2 and impaired glucose tolerance, IGT), depending on  the region of residence (low and high altitudes), and to  develop targeted preventive measures. Methods: Overall, 248 families (992 people) in the Naryn (high-altitude) (study group) and 260 families (1041 people) in the Chui region (low-altitude) (control group) were surveyed and  363 people with DM type 2 and IGT were identified, of which: 138 people in the study group and 225 people in the control group. Results: In patients with DM type 2 and IGT, moderate CV risk was found in the low-altitude and high-altitude in men and women aged 46–65 years, the  leading risk factor in men is BMI&qt;25 kg/m2; in women, hypertension (HT)  and hypercholesterolemia. A high risk of  CV  complications was detected only in the low-altitude in men aged 46–65 years, the leading risk factor is HT. High and very high risk of CV complications  are rarely found both in the low-altitude and in the high-altitude. Conclusion: During stratification of total CV risk, 363 people with carbohydrate metabolism disorders (DM type 2 and IGT) of  2033 native population living in 2  regions  of Kyrgyzstan revealed features of the total CV risk: BMI&qt;25kg/m2 for men of  high- altitude  and  low-altitude,  HT  and hypercholesterolemia  for  women of high-altitude, and for men, low-altitude only HT. Both in the high-altitude and in the low-altitude, low and moderate CV risk are predominantly expressed, and high and very high CV risk are rare.

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