-This paper focuses on different ways of the "alien" representation in the Russian and German media discourse based on essentials of cultural and discourse linguistics. Most research thus far has focused on the media text rather than on media uses and practices. With references to the political and social contexts, it will be demonstrated how the opposition "ownalien" is effectively used for supporting national consciousness and identity. The "own-alien" polarization has a variable base: on the international level -Russia vs. ideological opposite state; on the national level -authority vs. ordinary folk, locals vs. migrants etc. The analysis of Russian and German press articles over the period from 2013 to 2017 has shown that the most dominating foreignization strategy in the both media discourses is the strategy of alienation. For a more comprehensive research, the study material was broken up into two categories: a national and an international media discourses. As a result, the most popular tactics and communicative turns of the alienation strategy representation were exposed in the both media discourses, as well as the specific character of the "alien" verbalization in different cultures was described. The discourse and contrastive analysis of Russian and German newspaper texts is used as the research method.
The paper reveals the specifics of constructing the image of Russia in the German media discourse in current media texts covering preparation for the FIFA World Cup, which has been held for the first time on the territory of the Russian Federation. International events of this magnitude put the host country in the center of attention of the world community not only during the event, but long before it, and after the implementation of the project. At the same time, the contact of most members of society with the surrounding reality is mediated by mass communication. In the process of describing the events taking place in Russia, the German media tend to implement the opposition 'own vs. alien'. With the use of lexicographic data, the semantic content of the concept 'own vs. alien' is analyzed, which allows to identify the key aspects of the values underlying this opposition: 'own' and 'alien' denote belongingness, indicate the type and mode of action. The linguistic mechanisms of constructing the image of Russia are characterized. Having analyzed the empiric material, we conclude that the most dominating strategies are alienation and exotization. The main language means for constructing the image of Russia are lexemes with pejorative connotation, culture-specific words, illocutive verbs, comparison.
This study examines the approaches to defining the notion of strangeness from the standpoints of philosophy, intercultural communication, and translation studies. Depending on intensity of axiological characteristics by such criteria as space, affiliation, trust, and compliance with linguistic norms, strangeness is verbalized by expanding the "own : : other – foreign" opposition. On the textual level, "otherness" and "foreignness" are characterized by borderline, subjective perception of the recipient; meanwhile, it is noted that the translation decision on overcoming strangeness is made directly by the translator as the initial recipient. Interactions with representatives of other countries and cultures are an active part of the academic discourse, defined by the authors as communication in the high school space and its educational, research, and sociocultural areas. This paper focuses on the international presentational discourse of high school, which implements its phatic tasks in the informative texts posted on an educational institutions website in the original and translated versions. As participants of the presentational discourse are inclined to have a dialog, strangeness tends to be perceived as a form of otherness. Its explication in translated texts is performed by full and functionally adequate translation of the units, such as realia, forms of address, neologisms, proper nouns, which communicate unique information and reflect linguacultural peculiarities.
The article is devoted to the opposition “we vs. they” in Russian and German linguistic cultures. Analysis of linguistic means representing this opposition allows identifying the national and cultural specificity of perception of the identified phenomena in nonrelative linguistic cultures. It is shown that the most frequently used strategies in the Russian and German media discourse are alteration and empathization. The most popular tactics and communicative turns of the particular strategies of representation of the “other” were exposed in the both media discourses. The discourse and contrastive analysis of Russian and German newspaper texts is used as the research method.
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