Background: Fournier's gangrene is a synergistic necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum and abdominal wall that develops in the scrotum and penis in men and the vulva and groin in women. This disease was initially believed to be idiopathic; however, recent studies have indicated that it is a serious condition caused by gram-positive, gram-negative, or anaerobic bacteria. It is often associated with severe and fatal systemic involvement. Methods: A retrospective study involving a chart review of 23 patients with Fournier's syndrome treated between January 2002 and January 2012 was conducted. Prompt treatment consisted of broad-spectrum antibiotic administration and serial debridement. The reconstruction techniques ranged from edge approximation via simple sutures to the use of flaps and grafts in cases with extensive lesions. Results: The skin and scrotal reconstruction techniques were effective in all cases, yielding satisfactory aesthetic results. Three (13%) patients died, including 2 patients who had previous illnesses and comorbidities. Conclusions: Although Fournier's syndrome is a serious disease, therapeutic measures such as prompt intervention, with early debridement and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, in a multidisciplinary approach is very effective for controlling the disease, enabling surgical reconstruction of the affected areas with a low mortality rate.Keywords: Fournier gangrene. Fasciitis, necrotizing. Reconstructive surgical procedures/ methods. RESUMO Introdução:A gangrena de Fournier é uma fasciite necrosante sinérgica do períneo e parede abdominal, que tem origem no escroto e pênis, no homem, e vulva e virilha, na mulher. O processo inicialmente foi descrito como idiopático, mas atualmente sabe-se que se trata de grave afecção causada por bactérias Gram positivas, Gram negativas ou anaeróbios, que pode levar a comprometimento sistêmico importante e, eventualmente, morte. Método: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo, baseado na análise de prontuários médicos de 23 pacientes portadores de síndrome de Fournier, no período de janeiro de 2002 a janeiro de 2012. O tratamento dos pacientes incluiu intervenção precoce, com antibioticoterapia de largo espectro e desbridamentos consecutivos. O procedimento terapêutico empregado para a reconstrução variou desde a aproximação das bordas com sutura simples até uso de retalhos e enxertos, nas lesões extensas. Resultados: As técnicas de reparação cutânea foram eficientes e a reparação escrotal foi também efetiva em todos os casos, obtendo-se bons resultados estéticos. Houve 3 (13%) óbitos, 2 deles em pacientes com doenças pregressas This study was performed at the
Tratamento cirúrgico da ginecomastia: uma análise criteriosaSurgical treatment of gynecomastia: a critical analysis RESUMO Introdução: A ginecomastia é o aumento no tamanho da glândula mamária masculina, que pode ser fisiológico ou patológico, sendo condição passível de correção. Objetivo: Analisar o tratamento cirúrgico da ginecomastia, apontando suas principais complicações. Método: Duzentos e oitenta e quatro pacientes foram submetidos a cirurgia para correção da ginecomastia entre janeiro de 1998 e setembro de 2008, sendo 94,37% dos pacientes graus I e II e 5,63%, grau III. Resultados: Em relação ao total de pacientes, 3,87% apresentaram seroma e 2,11%, hematoma (p<0,001). A aná-lise dos pacientes graus I e II revela que 0,74% apresentaram cicatrizes hipertróficas nas incisões de lipoaspiração (p<0,001). Dentre os pacientes submetidos à técnica de Davidson, 18,75% apresentaram alargamento do complexo aréolo-mamilar (p=0,108) e foram submetidos a cirurgia para correção. Conclusão: As técnicas utilizadas para correção de ginecomastia se mostraram eficazes e seguras.Descritores: Ginecomastia/cirurgia. Mama/cirurgia. Masculino. SUMMARY Introduction:The gynecomastia is an increase in male breast and an important impact on quality of life. However, it is a condition likely to be modified. Objective: To analyze the surgical treatment of gynecomastia pointing the major complications. Methods: Two hundred and eighty-four patients underwent surgery to correct gynecomastia from January 1998 to September 2008, 94.37% of patients were grade I and II and 5.63%, grade III. Results: 3.87% patients had seromas and 2.11%, hematoma (p<0.001). Patients grade I and II had keloids in incision of liposuction (0.74%) and patients grade III presented areolar enlargement. Conclusion: The techniques used for treatment of gynecomastia were considered safe and effective with low complication rate.Descriptors: Gynecomastia/surgery. Breast/surgery. Male.
- Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of human cancer. Studies employing molecular and genetic biology techniques, associated with histomorphology, lead to the identification of risk factors in the development of more recurring and aggressive lesions. OBJECTIVE - To correlate markers expression of apoptosis (p53 and bcl-2) and cell proliferation (Ki-67 and PCNA) with histological indicators of tumor severity. METHODS - Five samples of the nodular, morpheaform and superficial types of carcinoma were studied, respectively.One control group with three lesion-free patients was also included in the study. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare these markers expression with the manifestation form of basal cell carcinoma. RESULTS - Bcl-2 expression was significant in basal cell carcinomas said to be aggressive (morpheaform and nodular types). Of the studied tumors, 66.7% (n =10) strongly expressed p53.Our results show a greater expression of Ki-67 in nodular and superficial basal cell carcinoma, with no expression in the controls. PCNA showed a strong expression in all types of tumors and in the controls. CONCLUSION - The findings allow us to conclude that Bcl-2 and p53 show a tendency to indicate the severity of basal cell carcinoma. In contrast, Ki-67, due to its variable behavior, cannot be considered a marker of severity. Also, PCNA was not a good marker of cell proliferation.
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Dornelas MT et al. Siliconomas Siliconomas RESUMO Introdução: O silicone líquido industrial tem sido introduzido no organismo humano de forma clandestina, com a finalidade de corrigir defeitos, depressões, irregularidades e para aumentar volumes, tanto em mulheres como em homens ou transgêneros. Com tal uso, podem ocorrer várias complicações, tais como infecções, necroses teciduais e, mais tardiamente, a migração do produto, pelo sistema linfático, venoso ou mesmo pela força da gravidade. Método: Foram avaliados 11 pacientes portadores de siliconomas, pertencentes ao ambulatório do Serviço
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