This study aimed to grade joint abnormalities in horses submitted to therapeutic arthroscopy using score-based protocols for equine joint assessment, correlated with arthroscopic treatment outcomes and owner satisfaction. In this prospective study, we evaluated 126 joints of athletic horses referred for arthroscopy. The joints were scored according to findings of medical history and physical, radiographic, ultrasonographic and arthroscopic examination. Lameness, positive response to flexion test and decreased maximum joint flexion angle were detected in more than 50% of joints. Soft tissue swelling, sclerosis, subchondral bone osteolysis and single osteochondral fragments were the most common radiographic findings. Ultrasonographic examination revealed changes in synovial fluid volume and appearance, and subchondral bone irregularities. Increased vascularity of the synovial villi, chondral fibrillation, chondral fissures and superficial cartilage erosions were the most significant arthroscopic findings. The approaches that demonstrated greater sensitivity and correlation with treatment outcome and owner satisfaction were medical history, ultrasonographic and arthroscopic examination. The scoring protocol employed to grade joint abnormalities enabled the creation of a joint score system for the objective assessment, thus determining the most frequent findings and establishing an injury severity score for each joint.
O exame ultrassonográfico é uma ferramenta diagnóstica imprescindível na avaliação da integridade renal, já que fornece informações importantes a respeito da arquitetura e das dimensões renais. Os rins são facilmente visualizados na ultrassonografia, a qual permite avaliar o parênquima do órgão, diagnosticar possíveis afecções, e monitorar o grau de comprometimento tecidual. Os gatos apresentam predisposição ao desenvolvimento de nefropatias, especialmente os mais idosos, por isso o uso do ultrassom demonstra alto grau de importância no diagnóstico precoce. O presente trabalho avaliou 12 gatos provenientes da rotina do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor Palotina, nos quais o tamanho renal demonstrou média e desvio padrão de 3,52 ± 0,45cm para o rim esquerdo e 3,64 ± 0,34cm para rim direito, a ecogenicidade de cortical se mostrou aumentada em sua maioria, sendo um achado normal devido ao acúmulo de gordura tubular. Os parâmetros de topografia, forma, contorno e características de pelve renal se mostraram dentro da faixa de normalidade, sendo as alterações em relação e diferenciação corticomedular, e ecogenicidade de cortical as de maior importância.
A mixed breed dog, six years old was referred, after an episode of thoracic trauma bite, with posterior swelling in the thoracic region, to perform chest radiographs due to dry cough after physical exertion or dorsal position. Through radiographs, pulmonary protrusion through the fifth left intercostal space was observed. Thoracotomy and resection of cranial portion of the left cranial pulmonary lobe and eventration repair were performed. Postoperative chest radiographs confirmed the normal expansion of the remaining left cranial lobe. The intercostal eventration should be considered a differential diagnosis in cases of increased thoracic volume and episodes of trauma.
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