Stock-outs are one of a retail chains' biggest problems because they lead directly to lost sales, reduced profits, and the potential loss of customers. This research applied probit regression to determine the relationship between various stock-keeping unit (SKU) attributes and retail stock-out performance. The data sample came from a large grocery retailer in Serbia and included two high-risk product categories consisting of a total of 115 SKUs and 98 stores. For the identification of stock-outs, a perpetual inventory aggregation method was used. Regardless of the category observed, the variables that were identified as having a detrimental impact on stock-out performance include stock-out at the distribution center, promotion, and high sales speed. On the other hand, a beneficial effect in terms of a reduced number of stock-outs was observed when the ordering process was performed using an automated ordering system.

PurposeThe main purpose of this research is to examine the basic motives in making a decision to buy an organic food. The preferences in the type of food – conventional, organic and GMO between people from different countries in former Yugoslavia region, as well as the main motives for buying an organic food, are also determined. Differences in the main motives for buying organic food depending on the gender and age of the respondents are also examined.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of 571 respondents from 6 countries of former Yugoslavia, which makes this paper unique and original. Questionnaire, which was specially constructed for the needs of the main purpose of this research, is to examine the basic motives in making a decision to buy an organic food. The preferences in the type of food – conventional, organic and GMO between people from different countries in former Yugoslavia region, as well as the main motives for buying an organic food, are also determinated. Differences in the main motives for buying organic food depending on the gender and age of the respondents are also examined. The sample consisted of 571 respondents from 6 countries of former Yugoslavia, which makes this paper unique and original. Questionnaire, which was specially constructed for the needs of the research, was applied (Cronbach α = 0.77). The research was conducted online, via the Google Forms questionnaire. Data were processed by the SPSS program. Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to determine the significance of the obtained differences in scores between groups of subjects. The results show that the conventional food is still the most common type of nutrition in people from these areas. The main reason for buying organic food is health, while there are no differences in scores between respondents of different gender, age and country they live in. Mandatory of this paper refers to show relevant information of main motives in purchasing organic food from people, which itself has broader social (raising awareness of the importance and significance an organic nutrition), as well as practical implications, which may be important for organic food producers and traders. The results of the research have a satisfactory level of reliability (Cronbach α = 0.77). The research was conducted online, via the Google Forms questionnaire. Data were processed by the SPSS program. Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to determine the significance of the obtained differences in scores between groups of subjects.FindingsThe results show that the conventional food is still the most common type of nutrition in people from these areas. The main reason for buying organic food is health, while there are no differences in scores between respondents of different gender, age and country they live in.Research limitations/implicationsAn unequal number of male and female respondents, as well as respondents from different countries.Practical implicationsMandatory of this paper refers to show relevant information of main motives in purchasing organic food from people, which may be important for organic food producers and traders.Social implicationsSocial implications refers to raise an awareness of the importance and significance an organic nutrition for people health.Originality/valueThe sample consisted of 571 respondents from 6 countries of former Yugoslavia, which makes this paper unique and original.

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This paper focuses on students' perspectives on the quality of online teaching and learning environment, created, and organized as a response to the COVID-19 outbreak, which unexpectedly interrupted the traditional face-to-face education context and changed the delivery and mode of classes overnight. The aim of this research is to gather information pertaining to students' learning experience in an online education environment, and to gain a deeper insight into the nature of online delivery of classes as perceived by students who had not had any similar learning experience prior to this newly created educational context. The theoretical framework of the paper states the latest EU education policies passed as an immediate and urgent response to the pandemic and its aftermath. This pilot study relies on a qualitative research which includes the analysis of a corpus of questionnaires taken by a group of 52 undergraduate students majoring in English. The main part of the questionnaire is composed of open-ended questions, and the respondents were asked to write their own answers, thus providing a valuable resource for the analysis; the other part relies on one Likert-scale question measuring the overall attitude of the respondents to the online learning. The students' answers are analyzed and classified into several categories according to their common denominator. Not only do the results show the students' opinions related to the benefits and drawbacks of online delivery of classes, the comparison of online and traditional form of teaching and learning, types of courses which are more suitable to be delivered in one of these modes, and the students' suggestions how to improve the quality of online classes, but they also shed light on different aspects of online teaching and its complexities enhanced by social and psychological factors involved.

The organisation of the overall teaching and learning process during the ongoing pandemic has brought to light a complex range of educational aspects which need to be considered while reexamining and reevaluating the quality of teaching practices. The unavoidable criterion relevant for creating a meaningful educational context includes students’ perspectives and thoughts on these aspects of the processes they are active participants of. This paper focuses on university students‘ satisfaction with various aspects of online teaching and learning organisation. It reports on the answers the respondents, students majoring in English, gave to the Students‘ Satisfactory Survey, which consisted of a set of five-point Likert scale and one open-ended questions. The aim of this study is to investigate how satisfied the university students are with the online teaching-learning context – its overall organisation and the quality of lectures organised, delivered and assessed in a virtual environment. The results to a set of closed-ended questions are represented with statistic data and followed by the descriptive narrative, and the answers to the open-ended question are classified according to a common denominator, and subsequently analysed and discussed. The answers analysis shows that the majority of students have a rather positive attitude towards the online learning environment, and it also points to the aspects which can be improved.

The main aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between the characteristic ways of overcoming the midlife crisis and the various ways of fatigue elimination. More precisely, to examine the correlation between denial by escape, denial by overcompensation, decompensation, and creative and successful coping with the crisis on the one hand and fatigue elimination with chemical stimulants, with psychological stimulation and with physical activity (PA) and active rest on the other, as well as the gender differences within these variables. The sample consisted of 300 middle-aged people, aged between 40 and 64, uniform by gender. The following instruments were used: A list of the respondents’ basic biodata, the Midlife Crisis Scale and an evaluation scale representing the basic techniques of fatigue elimination in participants from different categories specifically designed for the research. Since the score distribution on the tested variables statistically deviate from normal distribution, non-parametric techniques were used. Pearson's correlation coefficient was applied for determining the connection between variables and the Mann Whitney U test for testing the difference between the groups of participants. The obtained results show that there is a statistically significant correlation between adequate PA, as a way of fatigue elimination, and the creative and successful coping with the crisis, as well as a moderate connection between different types of passive rest and decompensation, especially in women. It can be concluded that moderate, well-prescribed, and age-appropriate PA, as an important form of active rest, is connected with the most optimal way of coping with a midlife crisis.

The situation with the virus Covide-19 worldwide, in addition to the many questions of how to best protect ourselves, drew the attention of people and professional community, to the significance and the importance that a healthy nutrition has in preserving and building up immunity, and thus also in the prevention and protect the organism from various negative agents. Due to increased consumer concern for their own health and the environment the organic food market is one of the fastest growing markets in the food industry. The main goal of the current research is to examine determinant factors influencing organic foods purchase in our region. The sample consisted of 571 subjects from Serbia and the region. The data were processed by the SPSS program, and the obtained results show that in our country, as well as anywhere in the world, the price is the most common barrier in the situation of buying organic food. Gender of our subjects was not a significant factor in making the decision and realization of the purchase, while their marital status and age had an influence in making the mentioned decision. In general, our research showed that younger respondents, who are not married, are the most common buyers of organic food.

The essential research goal is to determine the frequency of purchases organic food in general and the basic demographic characteristics of typical buyers of organic food. Sample consists of 571 respondents of different sex, age, and educational level, area of living, material and marital status. The research was conducted online using a Google. The SPSS program was used for data processing. The Man Witney U and the Kruskal - Wallis tests were applied in order to determine the statistical significance of the obtained differences in scores between groups of subjects. The obtained results showed that the frequency of purchasing organic food in Serbia is still low. Typical buyers of organic food are mostly women, older, have higher education and income. They usually live in urban areas, in big cities, while their marital status seems to have no influence on their decision to purchase an organic food and products.