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Document VersionPeer reviewed version Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Hedegaard, K., & Münster, M. (2013). Influence of individual heat pumps on wind power integration -Energy system investments and operation. Energy Conversion and Management, 75, 673-684. DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2013.08.015 Influence of individual heat pumps on wind power integration -Energy system investments and operation ABSTRACTIndividual heat pumps are expected to constitute a significant electricity demand in future energy systems. This demand becomes flexible if investing in complementing heat storage capabilities.In this study, we analyse how the heat pumps can influence the integration of wind power applying an energy system model that optimises both investments and operation, and covers various heat storage options. The Danish energy system by 2030 with around 50-60 % wind power is used as a case study. Results show that the heat pumps, even without flexible operation, can contribute significantly to facilitating larger wind power investments and reducing system costs, fuel consumption, and CO2 emissions. Investments in heat storages can provide only moderate system benefits in these respects. The main benefit of the flexible heat pump operation is a reduced need for peak/reserve capacity, which is also crucial for the feasibility of the heat storages. Socio-economic feasibility is identified for control equipment enabling intelligent heat storage in the building structure and in existing hot water tanks. In contrast, investments in new heat accumulation tanks are not found competitive.

 Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.  You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain  You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

Alternative uses of waste for energy production become increasingly interesting when considered from two perspectives, that of waste management and the energy system perspective. This paper presents the results of an enquiry into the use of waste in a future energy system. The analysis was performed using the energy system analysis model, Balmorel.The study is focused on Germany and the Nordic countries and demonstrates the optimization of both investments and production within the energy systems. The results present cost optimization excluding taxation concerning the use of waste for energy production in Denmark in a 2025 scenario with 48% renewable energy. Investments in a range of waste conversion technologies are facilitated, including waste incineration, co-combustion with coal, anaerobic digestion, and gasification. The most economically feasible solutions are found to be incineration of mixed waste, anaerobic digestion of organic waste, and gasification of part of the potential refuse derived fuel for combined heat and power production, while the remaining part is cocombusted with coal. Co-combustion mainly takes place in new coal-fired *

This study analyses the technical and private economic aspects of integrating a large capacity of electric driven heat pumps (HP) in the Greater Copenhagen district heating (DH) system, which is an example of a state-of-the-art large district heating system with many consumers and suppliers. The analysis was based on using the energy model Balmorel to determine the optimum dispatch of HPs in the system. The potential heat sources in Copenhagen for use in HPs were determined based on data related to temperatures, flows, and hydrography at different locations, while respecting technical constraints. The Balmorel model was developed further in order to provide a better representation of HPs, for analysing the seasonal variations of COP, and to represent the difference in performance of HPs connected to either distribution or transmission networks. The optimization yields roughly 3,500 full load hours (FLH) for the HPs connected to the DH distribution networks when considering a current scenario. In a zero carbon-dioxide emission scenario expected in year 2025, approximately 4,000 FLH, are achieved. In the case where HPs are connected to the DH transmission network at elevated temperatures, their operation decreases by roughly 1,000 FLH. No significant impact was found when comparing fixed and varying operation characteristics of the HP.

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