S W e report the results of a single-subject multiple baseline across behaviours experiment of a 74-year-old woman presenting with Parkinson's disease. Her speech was typical of a hypokinetic dysarthria. The main features of her dysarthric speech were: a restriction in the modulation of fundamental frequency, an inappropriate pitch level and a rate disturbance. Three measures of prosody were operationally dejined as follows: ( I ) linguistic modulation of fundamental frequency, (2) mean fundamental frequency and (3) rate. Treatment focused on ameliorating these aspects employing a multiple baseline design. Measures during and post-therapy documented improvement for each of these three aspects of prosody. Independent judges were also more capable of understanding her speech and her speech prosody after therapy. Upon follow-up measures I0 weeks later, most of the improvement was maintained.Nous rendons compte ici des rtsultats d'une exptrimentation a cas sur une femme, iigke de 74 ans, qui prtsentait les symptdmes de la maladie de Parkinson. Son tlocution offrait les caracttristi ues d'une dysarthrie hypokinttique, a savoir, essentiellement: une rtduction de la modulation %e la frtquence fondamentale, et un man ue de contrdle sur le placement des niveaux intonatifs et sur le rythme d'tlocution. Trois mesures %e la prosodie ont t t t utilistes: ( I ) la modulation linguistique de la frtquence fondamentale, (2) la frtquence fondamentale moyenne, et (3) le rythme d'tlocution. Le traitement appliqut a vise a amtliorer ces aspects au moyen d'un systkme a configurations multiples. Des mesures effectutes pendant et aprks le traitement illustrent les amtliorations pour chacun de ces trois aspects de la mtlodie. Des juges indtpendants ont t t t aussi plus a m&mede comprendre son tlocution et sa prosodie une fois le traitement fini. Un contrdle effectut dix semaines plus tard a rtvtlt le maintien de la plus grande partie du progris. Wir berichten iiben die Resultate einer Einzelfallstudie mit verschiedenen Baselines, die in Verhaltensexperimenten mit einer 74 jahrigen Parkinson Patientin ermittelt wurden. Sie zeigte beim Sprechen eine typisch hypokinetische Dysarthrie. Die Hauptmerkmale ihres dysartrischen Sprechens waren: eine Einschrankung der Grundfrequenzmodulation, eine unangemessene Stimmhohe und eine Storung der Sprechgeschwindigkeit. Drei Messungen a'er Prosodie wurden folgenderweke operativ definiert: ( I ) Linguistkche Modulation der Grundfrequenz, (2) durchschnittliche Grundfrequenz, (3) Geschwindigkeit. Die Behandlung hatte als Ziel die Verbesserung dieser A s ekte durch Anwendung eines experimentellen Verfnhrens mit multiplen Baselines. Messungen walrend und nach der Therapie bewiesen eine Verbesserung bei jedem dieser Aspekte der Prosodie. Unabhiingige Bewerter konnten auch nach der Therapie ihr Sprechen und Sprechprosodie besser verstehen. Die nach zehn Wochen durchgefuhrten Nachmessungen zeigten, dass die Verbesserung grosstenteils erhalten blieb.

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SDifferent groups of caregivers (nurses, orderlies, professionals, student orderlies and volunteers) who were in frequent interaction with residentsflom a long-term care hospital were interviewed with a nominal group process. They were asked to identi8 concrete situations of communication in which residents with no trouble communicating, residents with aphasia and residents with dementia need to express andor comprehend a message. A total of I96 statements were recorded and coded using a qualitative approach into different categories of communication acts specific to daily life situations and several categories of generic communication acts, which are unrelated to the daily routine of care and treatment. The results show that communication in daily life situations varies little in relation to the different residents. However, residents with language disorders are perceived to be less involved in generic communication acts than residents with no communication disorder. They also demonstrate that the perceptions of communication of the different caregivers vary. The results are discussed in relationship to the conception of an evaluation instrument for language-impaired long-term care residents, which will help in determining intervention as well as the objective evaluation of its effects.Un procidi d'enquzte nominale de groupe a permis d 'interroger diffirents groupes soignants (injirmiers, injirmiires, personnel de salle, professionnels, apprentis personnels de salle, binivoles) qui itaient en rapports fliquents avec les risidents b long terme d'un hapita1 de soins injirmiers. L'on a demand6 b ce personnel d 'identijier des situations concrites de communication oli des risidents ne soufiant pas de problimes communicatifs, des risidents aphusiques et d'autres atteints de dimence, devaient exprimer et comprendre IUI message. L'utilisation d'une mithode qualitative a abouti au classement d'un total de 196 inoncis, suivant diffirentes catigories d'actes communicatifi caractiristiques de situations de la vie quotidienne, et di@rentes catigories d'actes de communication giniriques sans rapport avec le diroulement quotidien des traitements midicaux et des soins injirmiers. Les risultats rivtlent peu de variabiliti de risident ci risident pour la communication dans le cadre des situations de la vie quotidienne. Cepenh t ceux qui soupent de disordres du langage sont p e r p comme moins impliquis dans les actes communicatifs giniriques que ceux qui n'en souffient pas. Les risultats rivtlent aussi une certainevariabiliti dans les perceptions de la communication chez les diffirents personnels soignants. L'article discute de la conception d'un instrument d'ivaluation concernant les risidents b long terme, qui permettrait de diterminer le type d'intervention b utiliser et d'en ivaluer objectivement les effets. Verschiedene Pflegergruppen (Krankenschwester, Pfleger, andere Professionelle, studentische Pfleger und Freiwillige), die haufgen Kontakt rnit den Bewohnern eines Pflegekrankenhauses hatten, wurden gebeten, Situa...

Background: Despite the advantages of having a child as a medical resident, the transition back to residency after parental leave can be challenging. This study is the first to investigate this issue using a nation-wide Canadian sample of both residents and program directors. Method: A questionnaire was developed and made available online. Respondents included 437 female residents, 33 male residents, and 172 residency program directors. The mean length of parental leave was nine months for female residents and six weeks for male residents. Almost all female residents (97.5%) breastfed with an average duration of 12 months. The top challenges reported by residents were feeling guilty for being away from their family, long and unpredictable work hours, sleep deprivation, and finding time to study. When female residents and program directors were matched to both school and program (N = 99 pairs), there was no difference in the total number of challenges reported, but program directors reported offering significantly more accommodations than female residents reported being offered, t(196) = 13.06, p < .001. Results: Our data indicate there is a need for better communication between resident parents and program directors, as well as clear program-specific parental leave policies, particularly for supporting breastfeeding mothers as they return to work.